Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface
Plastics are synthetic materials made from organic polymers that are ubiquitous in daily living and are especially important in the healthcare setting. However, recent advances have revealed the pervasive nature of microplastics, which are formed by degradation of existing plastic products. Although...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3928 |
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| author | Duoduo Wu Blanche X. H. Lim Ivan Seah Shay Xie Julia E. Jaeger Robert K. Symons Amy L. Heffernan Emily E. M. Curren Sandric C. Y. Leong Andri K. Riau Dawn K. A. Lim Fiona Stapleton Mohammad Javed Ali Swati Singh Louis Tong Jodhbir S. Mehta Xinyi Su Chris H. L. Lim |
| author_facet | Duoduo Wu Blanche X. H. Lim Ivan Seah Shay Xie Julia E. Jaeger Robert K. Symons Amy L. Heffernan Emily E. M. Curren Sandric C. Y. Leong Andri K. Riau Dawn K. A. Lim Fiona Stapleton Mohammad Javed Ali Swati Singh Louis Tong Jodhbir S. Mehta Xinyi Su Chris H. L. Lim |
| author_sort | Duoduo Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plastics are synthetic materials made from organic polymers that are ubiquitous in daily living and are especially important in the healthcare setting. However, recent advances have revealed the pervasive nature of microplastics, which are formed by degradation of existing plastic products. Although the impact on human health has yet to be fully characterised, there is increasing evidence that microplastics can trigger inflammatory damage, microbial dysbiosis, and oxidative stress in humans. Although there are limited studies investigating their effect on the ocular surface, studies of microplastics on other organs provide some insights. The prevalence of plastic waste has also triggered public outcry, culminating in the development of legislation aimed at reducing microplastics in commercial products. We present a review outlining the possible sources of microplastics leading to ocular exposure, and analyse the possible mechanisms of ocular surface damage. Finally, we examine the utility and consequences of current legislation surrounding microplastic regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f9de963135c44ecc96b2b1dddde6c001 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9de963135c44ecc96b2b1dddde6c0012023-11-16T21:07:02ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244392810.3390/ijms24043928Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular SurfaceDuoduo Wu0Blanche X. H. Lim1Ivan Seah2Shay Xie3Julia E. Jaeger4Robert K. Symons5Amy L. Heffernan6Emily E. M. Curren7Sandric C. Y. Leong8Andri K. Riau9Dawn K. A. Lim10Fiona Stapleton11Mohammad Javed Ali12Swati Singh13Louis Tong14Jodhbir S. Mehta15Xinyi Su16Chris H. L. Lim17Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporeEurofins Environment Testing Australia & New Zealand, Dandenong, VIC 3175, AustraliaEurofins Environment Testing Australia & New Zealand, Dandenong, VIC 3175, AustraliaEurofins Environment Testing Australia & New Zealand, Dandenong, VIC 3175, AustraliaEurofins Environment Testing Australia & New Zealand, Dandenong, VIC 3175, AustraliaSt. John’s Island National Marine Laboratory, Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, SingaporeSt. John’s Island National Marine Laboratory, Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, SingaporeSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporeSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaLV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, IndiaLV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, IndiaSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, SingaporeSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, SingaporePlastics are synthetic materials made from organic polymers that are ubiquitous in daily living and are especially important in the healthcare setting. However, recent advances have revealed the pervasive nature of microplastics, which are formed by degradation of existing plastic products. Although the impact on human health has yet to be fully characterised, there is increasing evidence that microplastics can trigger inflammatory damage, microbial dysbiosis, and oxidative stress in humans. Although there are limited studies investigating their effect on the ocular surface, studies of microplastics on other organs provide some insights. The prevalence of plastic waste has also triggered public outcry, culminating in the development of legislation aimed at reducing microplastics in commercial products. We present a review outlining the possible sources of microplastics leading to ocular exposure, and analyse the possible mechanisms of ocular surface damage. Finally, we examine the utility and consequences of current legislation surrounding microplastic regulation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3928microplasticsocular surfacedry eye diseasepolymersdysbiosisoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Duoduo Wu Blanche X. H. Lim Ivan Seah Shay Xie Julia E. Jaeger Robert K. Symons Amy L. Heffernan Emily E. M. Curren Sandric C. Y. Leong Andri K. Riau Dawn K. A. Lim Fiona Stapleton Mohammad Javed Ali Swati Singh Louis Tong Jodhbir S. Mehta Xinyi Su Chris H. L. Lim Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface International Journal of Molecular Sciences microplastics ocular surface dry eye disease polymers dysbiosis oxidative stress |
| title | Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface |
| title_full | Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface |
| title_short | Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface |
| title_sort | impact of microplastics on the ocular surface |
| topic | microplastics ocular surface dry eye disease polymers dysbiosis oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3928 |
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