Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts
Although selection of the early age at puberty in gilts will make for a favorable effect on the reproductivity of sow, a large proportion of phenotypic variation in age at puberty of gilts cannot be explained by genetics. Previous studies have implicated hypothalamic DNA methylation in the onset of...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00228/full |
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| author | Xiaolong Yuan Xiaofeng Zhou Zitao Chen Yingting He Yaru Kong Shaopan Ye Ning Gao Zhe Zhang Hao Zhang Jiaqi Li |
| author_facet | Xiaolong Yuan Xiaofeng Zhou Zitao Chen Yingting He Yaru Kong Shaopan Ye Ning Gao Zhe Zhang Hao Zhang Jiaqi Li |
| author_sort | Xiaolong Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although selection of the early age at puberty in gilts will make for a favorable effect on the reproductivity of sow, a large proportion of phenotypic variation in age at puberty of gilts cannot be explained by genetics. Previous studies have implicated hypothalamic DNA methylation in the onset of puberty in mammals. However, the underlying molecular mechanism regarding the regulation of the onset of puberty has remained largely unexplored in gilts. Herein, the genome-scale DNA methylation of hypothalamus was acquired, using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, to compare and describe the changes of DNA methylation across Pre-, In- and Post-pubertal gilts. In this study, the average methylation levels of CpGs and CpHs (where H = C, T, or A) in CpG islands- and gene-related regions were gradually decreased in hypothalamic methylomes during the pubertal transition. Comparisons of Pre- vs. In-, In- vs. Post-, and Pre- vs. Post-pubertal stage revealed that there were 85726, 92914, and 100421 differentially methylated CpGs and 5940, 14804, and 16893 differentially methylated CpHs (where H = C, T, or A) in the hypothalamic methylomes. The methylation changes of CpHs were more dynamic than that of CpGs, and methylation changes of CpGs and CpHs were likely to be, respectively, involved in the developmental processes of reproduction and the molecular processes of cellular communications in the hypothalamus. Moreover, methylation changes of CpHs were observed to overrepresent in the quantitative trait loci of age at puberty, and the biological function of these CpH methylation changes was enriched in the pancreas development in gilts. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of several differentially CpG or CpH methylated genes related to the transcription of RNA II polymerase, GnRH signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, PI3K-AKt signaling pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway, including MAX, MMP2, FGF11, IGF1R, FGF21, and GSK3B, were significantly changed across these pubertal stages in the hypothalamus. These results will help our understanding of how DNA methylation contributes to phenotypic variation of age at puberty. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:54:17Z |
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| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:54:17Z |
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| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f9e4677efef847d383c2d9c2d4736cb42022-12-21T18:22:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212019-03-011010.3389/fgene.2019.00228440819Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in GiltsXiaolong Yuan0Xiaofeng Zhou1Zitao Chen2Yingting He3Yaru Kong4Shaopan Ye5Ning Gao6Zhe Zhang7Hao Zhang8Jiaqi Li9Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaAlthough selection of the early age at puberty in gilts will make for a favorable effect on the reproductivity of sow, a large proportion of phenotypic variation in age at puberty of gilts cannot be explained by genetics. Previous studies have implicated hypothalamic DNA methylation in the onset of puberty in mammals. However, the underlying molecular mechanism regarding the regulation of the onset of puberty has remained largely unexplored in gilts. Herein, the genome-scale DNA methylation of hypothalamus was acquired, using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, to compare and describe the changes of DNA methylation across Pre-, In- and Post-pubertal gilts. In this study, the average methylation levels of CpGs and CpHs (where H = C, T, or A) in CpG islands- and gene-related regions were gradually decreased in hypothalamic methylomes during the pubertal transition. Comparisons of Pre- vs. In-, In- vs. Post-, and Pre- vs. Post-pubertal stage revealed that there were 85726, 92914, and 100421 differentially methylated CpGs and 5940, 14804, and 16893 differentially methylated CpHs (where H = C, T, or A) in the hypothalamic methylomes. The methylation changes of CpHs were more dynamic than that of CpGs, and methylation changes of CpGs and CpHs were likely to be, respectively, involved in the developmental processes of reproduction and the molecular processes of cellular communications in the hypothalamus. Moreover, methylation changes of CpHs were observed to overrepresent in the quantitative trait loci of age at puberty, and the biological function of these CpH methylation changes was enriched in the pancreas development in gilts. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of several differentially CpG or CpH methylated genes related to the transcription of RNA II polymerase, GnRH signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, PI3K-AKt signaling pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway, including MAX, MMP2, FGF11, IGF1R, FGF21, and GSK3B, were significantly changed across these pubertal stages in the hypothalamus. These results will help our understanding of how DNA methylation contributes to phenotypic variation of age at puberty.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00228/fullgenome-wide DNA methylationhypothalamusQTL of age at puberty in pigsonset of pubertygilts |
| spellingShingle | Xiaolong Yuan Xiaofeng Zhou Zitao Chen Yingting He Yaru Kong Shaopan Ye Ning Gao Zhe Zhang Hao Zhang Jiaqi Li Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts Frontiers in Genetics genome-wide DNA methylation hypothalamus QTL of age at puberty in pigs onset of puberty gilts |
| title | Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts |
| title_full | Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts |
| title_short | Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts |
| title_sort | genome wide dna methylation analysis of hypothalamus during the onset of puberty in gilts |
| topic | genome-wide DNA methylation hypothalamus QTL of age at puberty in pigs onset of puberty gilts |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00228/full |
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