Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review

Abstract Background Vietnam is among 11 countries in the Western Pacific region that has developed a National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance (NAPCA). Methods This scoping review characterises health system barriers to the implementation of the Vietnam NAPCA, with reference to the WHO Healt...

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Main Authors: Giang N. Pham, Tho T. H. Dang, Thu-Anh Nguyen, Shukry Zawahir, Hien T. T. Le, Joel Negin, Carmen Huckel Schneider, Greg J. Fox
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-01-01
Series:Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01364-x
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author Giang N. Pham
Tho T. H. Dang
Thu-Anh Nguyen
Shukry Zawahir
Hien T. T. Le
Joel Negin
Carmen Huckel Schneider
Greg J. Fox
author_facet Giang N. Pham
Tho T. H. Dang
Thu-Anh Nguyen
Shukry Zawahir
Hien T. T. Le
Joel Negin
Carmen Huckel Schneider
Greg J. Fox
author_sort Giang N. Pham
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Vietnam is among 11 countries in the Western Pacific region that has developed a National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance (NAPCA). Methods This scoping review characterises health system barriers to the implementation of the Vietnam NAPCA, with reference to the WHO Health Systems Framework. Results Over 7 years, between 2013 and 2020, the Ministry of Health (MOH) of Vietnam has been implementing activities to achieve the six NAPCA objectives. They include revision of regulations needed for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevention programs; formation and operation of national management bodies; improvement of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in hospitals; maintenance of surveillance systems for AMR; provision of trainings on AMR and antibiotics use to doctors and pharmacists; and organization of nation-wide educational campaigns. Limited cooperation between MOH management bodies, shortages of human resource at all health system levels, a low degree of agreement between national and hospital guidelines on antibiotic use, low capability in the domestic supply of standardised drugs, and unequal training opportunities for lower-level health professionals present ongoing challenges. Actions suggested for the next period of the NAPCA include a final review of what has been achieved by the plan so far and evaluating the effectiveness of the different components of the plan. Different options on how to improve coordination across sectors in the development of a new NAPCA should be put forward. Conclusions The 6-year implementation of the Vietnam NAPCA has yielded valuable lessons for AMS in Vietnam, guiding the development of future national plans, with a central focus on scaling up AMS in hospitals and promoting community AMS programs to combat AMR.
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spelling doaj.art-f9ee0fca466a4fc9a27791631f342d372024-03-05T16:43:42ZengBMCAntimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control2047-29942024-01-0113111410.1186/s13756-024-01364-xHealth system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping reviewGiang N. Pham0Tho T. H. Dang1Thu-Anh Nguyen2Shukry Zawahir3Hien T. T. Le4Joel Negin5Carmen Huckel Schneider6Greg J. Fox7Administration of Science Technology and Training, Ministry of HealthWoolcock Institute of Medical ResearchWoolcock Institute of Medical ResearchWoolcock Institute of Medical ResearchWoolcock Institute of Medical ResearchSchool of Public Health, The University of SydneySchool of Public Health, The University of SydneyWoolcock Institute of Medical ResearchAbstract Background Vietnam is among 11 countries in the Western Pacific region that has developed a National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance (NAPCA). Methods This scoping review characterises health system barriers to the implementation of the Vietnam NAPCA, with reference to the WHO Health Systems Framework. Results Over 7 years, between 2013 and 2020, the Ministry of Health (MOH) of Vietnam has been implementing activities to achieve the six NAPCA objectives. They include revision of regulations needed for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevention programs; formation and operation of national management bodies; improvement of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in hospitals; maintenance of surveillance systems for AMR; provision of trainings on AMR and antibiotics use to doctors and pharmacists; and organization of nation-wide educational campaigns. Limited cooperation between MOH management bodies, shortages of human resource at all health system levels, a low degree of agreement between national and hospital guidelines on antibiotic use, low capability in the domestic supply of standardised drugs, and unequal training opportunities for lower-level health professionals present ongoing challenges. Actions suggested for the next period of the NAPCA include a final review of what has been achieved by the plan so far and evaluating the effectiveness of the different components of the plan. Different options on how to improve coordination across sectors in the development of a new NAPCA should be put forward. Conclusions The 6-year implementation of the Vietnam NAPCA has yielded valuable lessons for AMS in Vietnam, guiding the development of future national plans, with a central focus on scaling up AMS in hospitals and promoting community AMS programs to combat AMR.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01364-xHealth systems barriersAntimicrobial resistanceNational action planVietnam
spellingShingle Giang N. Pham
Tho T. H. Dang
Thu-Anh Nguyen
Shukry Zawahir
Hien T. T. Le
Joel Negin
Carmen Huckel Schneider
Greg J. Fox
Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control
Health systems barriers
Antimicrobial resistance
National action plan
Vietnam
title Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
title_full Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
title_fullStr Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
title_full_unstemmed Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
title_short Health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam: a scoping review
title_sort health system barriers to the implementation of the national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance in vietnam a scoping review
topic Health systems barriers
Antimicrobial resistance
National action plan
Vietnam
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01364-x
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