Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy
The Kheaw Hom remedy is a traditional Thai medicine widely used to treat fevers. Some plant ingredients in this remedy have been investigated for their antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, there have been no reports on the antimalarial activities of the m...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/11/368 |
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| author | Prapaporn Chaniad Tachpon Techarang Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Natharinee Horata Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad |
| author_facet | Prapaporn Chaniad Tachpon Techarang Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Natharinee Horata Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad |
| author_sort | Prapaporn Chaniad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Kheaw Hom remedy is a traditional Thai medicine widely used to treat fevers. Some plant ingredients in this remedy have been investigated for their antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, there have been no reports on the antimalarial activities of the medicinal plants in this remedy. Therefore, this study focuses on identifying potential antimalarial drug candidates from the medicinal plant ingredients of the Kheaw Hom remedy. Eighteen plants from the Kheaw Hom remedy were extracted using distilled water and ethanol. All extracts were investigated for their in vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity. An extract that exhibited good in vitro antimalarial activity and low toxicity was selected for further investigation by using Peter’s 4-day suppressive test and an acute oral toxicity evaluation in mice. Based on the in vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity studies, the ethanolic extract of <i>Globba malaccensis</i> rhizomes showed promising antimalarial activity against the <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> K1 strain (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.50 µg/mL) with less toxicity to Vero cells (CC<sub>50</sub> of >80 µg/mL). This extract exhibited a significant dose-dependent reduction in parasitemia in <i>P. berghei</i>-infected mice. The maximum suppressive effect of this extract (60.53%) was observed at the highest dose administered (600 mg/kg). In a single-dose acute toxicity test, the animals treated at 2000 mg/kg died within 48 h after extract administration. In conclusion, our study indicates that the ethanolic extract of <i>G. malaccensis</i> rhizomes exhibited in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities, which could serve as a promising starting point for antimalarial drug. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:47Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-fa3ad6844b714d13ba80c41801139c352023-11-24T07:11:46ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662022-11-0171136810.3390/tropicalmed7110368Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom RemedyPrapaporn Chaniad0Tachpon Techarang1Arisara Phuwajaroanpong2Natharinee Horata3Abdi Wira Septama4Chuchard Punsawad5Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandFaculty of Medical Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bang Phli 10540, ThailandResearch Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandThe Kheaw Hom remedy is a traditional Thai medicine widely used to treat fevers. Some plant ingredients in this remedy have been investigated for their antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, there have been no reports on the antimalarial activities of the medicinal plants in this remedy. Therefore, this study focuses on identifying potential antimalarial drug candidates from the medicinal plant ingredients of the Kheaw Hom remedy. Eighteen plants from the Kheaw Hom remedy were extracted using distilled water and ethanol. All extracts were investigated for their in vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity. An extract that exhibited good in vitro antimalarial activity and low toxicity was selected for further investigation by using Peter’s 4-day suppressive test and an acute oral toxicity evaluation in mice. Based on the in vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity studies, the ethanolic extract of <i>Globba malaccensis</i> rhizomes showed promising antimalarial activity against the <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> K1 strain (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.50 µg/mL) with less toxicity to Vero cells (CC<sub>50</sub> of >80 µg/mL). This extract exhibited a significant dose-dependent reduction in parasitemia in <i>P. berghei</i>-infected mice. The maximum suppressive effect of this extract (60.53%) was observed at the highest dose administered (600 mg/kg). In a single-dose acute toxicity test, the animals treated at 2000 mg/kg died within 48 h after extract administration. In conclusion, our study indicates that the ethanolic extract of <i>G. malaccensis</i> rhizomes exhibited in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities, which could serve as a promising starting point for antimalarial drug.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/11/368antimalarial activityacute toxicity<i>Globba malaccensis</i><i>Plasmodium berghei</i><i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>Kheaw Hom remedy |
| spellingShingle | Prapaporn Chaniad Tachpon Techarang Arisara Phuwajaroanpong Natharinee Horata Abdi Wira Septama Chuchard Punsawad Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease antimalarial activity acute toxicity <i>Globba malaccensis</i> <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Kheaw Hom remedy |
| title | Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy |
| title_full | Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy |
| title_short | Exploring Potential Antimalarial Candidate from Medicinal Plants of Kheaw Hom Remedy |
| title_sort | exploring potential antimalarial candidate from medicinal plants of kheaw hom remedy |
| topic | antimalarial activity acute toxicity <i>Globba malaccensis</i> <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Kheaw Hom remedy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/11/368 |
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