Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
The term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/5/1460 |
| _version_ | 1797568136358133760 |
|---|---|
| author | Stoyan Kostov Stanislav Slavchev Deyan Dzhenkov Dimitar Mitev Angel Yordanov |
| author_facet | Stoyan Kostov Stanislav Slavchev Deyan Dzhenkov Dimitar Mitev Angel Yordanov |
| author_sort | Stoyan Kostov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is delimited by at least two fasciae. Moreover, new spaces and surgical planes have been developed after the adoption of laparoscopy and nerve-sparing gynecological procedures. Avascular spaces are useful anatomical landmarks in retroperitoneal anatomic and pelvic surgery for both malignant and benign conditions. A noteworthy fact is that for various gynecological diseases, there are different approaches to the avascular spaces of the female pelvis. This is a significant difference, which is best demonstrated by dissection of these spaces for gynecological, urogynecological, and oncogynecological operations. Thorough knowledge regarding pelvic anatomy of these spaces is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. In this article, we defined nine avascular female pelvic spaces—their boundaries, different approaches, attention during dissection, and applications in obstetrics and gynecology. We described the fourth space and separate the paravesical and pararectal space, as nerve-sparing gynecological procedures request a precise understanding of retroperitoneal spaces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fa469ef318ea4e4f8eccdd161f0e47fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-fa469ef318ea4e4f8eccdd161f0e47fa2023-11-20T00:19:54ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-05-0195146010.3390/jcm9051460Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and GynecologyStoyan Kostov0Stanislav Slavchev1Deyan Dzhenkov2Dimitar Mitev3Angel Yordanov4Department of Gynecology, Medical University Varna, 9000 Varna, BulgariaDepartment of Gynecology, Medical University Varna, 9000 Varna, BulgariaDepartment of General and Clinical pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University Varna, 9002 Varna, BulgariaUniversity hospital SBALAG “Maichin Dom”, Medical University Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, BulgariaThe term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is delimited by at least two fasciae. Moreover, new spaces and surgical planes have been developed after the adoption of laparoscopy and nerve-sparing gynecological procedures. Avascular spaces are useful anatomical landmarks in retroperitoneal anatomic and pelvic surgery for both malignant and benign conditions. A noteworthy fact is that for various gynecological diseases, there are different approaches to the avascular spaces of the female pelvis. This is a significant difference, which is best demonstrated by dissection of these spaces for gynecological, urogynecological, and oncogynecological operations. Thorough knowledge regarding pelvic anatomy of these spaces is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. In this article, we defined nine avascular female pelvic spaces—their boundaries, different approaches, attention during dissection, and applications in obstetrics and gynecology. We described the fourth space and separate the paravesical and pararectal space, as nerve-sparing gynecological procedures request a precise understanding of retroperitoneal spaces.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/5/1460avascular spacessurgeryapplications in obstetricsapplications in gynecology |
| spellingShingle | Stoyan Kostov Stanislav Slavchev Deyan Dzhenkov Dimitar Mitev Angel Yordanov Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology Journal of Clinical Medicine avascular spaces surgery applications in obstetrics applications in gynecology |
| title | Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| title_full | Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| title_fullStr | Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| title_short | Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| title_sort | avascular spaces of the female pelvis clinical applications in obstetrics and gynecology |
| topic | avascular spaces surgery applications in obstetrics applications in gynecology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/5/1460 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stoyankostov avascularspacesofthefemalepelvisclinicalapplicationsinobstetricsandgynecology AT stanislavslavchev avascularspacesofthefemalepelvisclinicalapplicationsinobstetricsandgynecology AT deyandzhenkov avascularspacesofthefemalepelvisclinicalapplicationsinobstetricsandgynecology AT dimitarmitev avascularspacesofthefemalepelvisclinicalapplicationsinobstetricsandgynecology AT angelyordanov avascularspacesofthefemalepelvisclinicalapplicationsinobstetricsandgynecology |