Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions
This paper explores the effect of adding supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) to Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the microextraction of very diluted pollutants from aqueous matrices. The proposed system uses an IL, trihexyl-tetradecyl-phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P6,6,6,14][Tf2N]) and 1-h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ionic Liquids |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422023000241 |
| _version_ | 1797454601522249728 |
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| author | Eduardo Villarroel Gastón Merlet Carla Toledo-Neira Luisa Sepúlveda Julio Romero Thomas Brouwer Boelo Schuur Esteban Quijada-Maldonado |
| author_facet | Eduardo Villarroel Gastón Merlet Carla Toledo-Neira Luisa Sepúlveda Julio Romero Thomas Brouwer Boelo Schuur Esteban Quijada-Maldonado |
| author_sort | Eduardo Villarroel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper explores the effect of adding supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) to Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the microextraction of very diluted pollutants from aqueous matrices. The proposed system uses an IL, trihexyl-tetradecyl-phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P6,6,6,14][Tf2N]) and 1-hexyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([hmim][FAP]), as extractant, and scCO2 as diluent that may change the solvent capacity by changing the solvent polarity. The study was first carried out for the extraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-77) from aqueous solutions using a designed microextraction cell. Different ILs, sample volumes and kinetics of extraction were investigated. Results show that within 15 min the maximum extraction percentage was achieved employing a scCO2 partial pressure of 80 bar. To investigate the influence of the polarity change by the presence of carbon dioxide more broadly, other pollutants with different water solubilities were used. It was observed that scCO2 (partial pressure) reduced the recoveries for benzophenone and PCB-77 but increased the extraction of triclosan. This is due to the change on solvent's polarity and viscosity of the mixture. This was corroborated through a ternary system simulation including IL-pollutant-scCO2. All these results establish that the combination of CO2 and IL can in some cases enhance the extraction, but the affinity between the pollutant and scCO2 is a key parameter that discerns whether expanding the IL with scCO2 is beneficial for the extraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:39:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fa5aafa7290a43449f1b49338c10cc41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-4220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:39:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ionic Liquids |
| spelling | doaj.art-fa5aafa7290a43449f1b49338c10cc412023-11-25T04:50:29ZengElsevierJournal of Ionic Liquids2772-42202024-06-0141100072Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutionsEduardo Villarroel0Gastón Merlet1Carla Toledo-Neira2Luisa Sepúlveda3Julio Romero4Thomas Brouwer5Boelo Schuur6Esteban Quijada-Maldonado7Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Procesos Sustentables, Ingeniería Civil Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile; Corresponding authors.Departamento de Agroindustrias, Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, ChileLaboratorio de Electroquímica Medio Ambiental, LEQMA, Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, ChileLaboratorio de Tratamiento Fisico-Químico de Riles, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, ChileLaboratory of Membrane Separation Processes (LabProSeM), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), ChileSustainable Process Technology Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, NetherlandsSustainable Process Technology Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, NetherlandsSeparation Processes Intensification Laboratory (SPI), Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Chile; Corresponding authors.This paper explores the effect of adding supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) to Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the microextraction of very diluted pollutants from aqueous matrices. The proposed system uses an IL, trihexyl-tetradecyl-phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P6,6,6,14][Tf2N]) and 1-hexyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([hmim][FAP]), as extractant, and scCO2 as diluent that may change the solvent capacity by changing the solvent polarity. The study was first carried out for the extraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-77) from aqueous solutions using a designed microextraction cell. Different ILs, sample volumes and kinetics of extraction were investigated. Results show that within 15 min the maximum extraction percentage was achieved employing a scCO2 partial pressure of 80 bar. To investigate the influence of the polarity change by the presence of carbon dioxide more broadly, other pollutants with different water solubilities were used. It was observed that scCO2 (partial pressure) reduced the recoveries for benzophenone and PCB-77 but increased the extraction of triclosan. This is due to the change on solvent's polarity and viscosity of the mixture. This was corroborated through a ternary system simulation including IL-pollutant-scCO2. All these results establish that the combination of CO2 and IL can in some cases enhance the extraction, but the affinity between the pollutant and scCO2 is a key parameter that discerns whether expanding the IL with scCO2 is beneficial for the extraction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422023000241Lonic LiquidCarbon dioxideMicroextractionPCB-77Pollutant quantification |
| spellingShingle | Eduardo Villarroel Gastón Merlet Carla Toledo-Neira Luisa Sepúlveda Julio Romero Thomas Brouwer Boelo Schuur Esteban Quijada-Maldonado Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions Journal of Ionic Liquids Lonic Liquid Carbon dioxide Microextraction PCB-77 Pollutant quantification |
| title | Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| title_full | Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| title_short | Exploring the use of CO2-expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| title_sort | exploring the use of co2 expanded ionic liquids as solvents in microextraction of 3 3 4 4 tetrachlorobiphenyl from aqueous solutions |
| topic | Lonic Liquid Carbon dioxide Microextraction PCB-77 Pollutant quantification |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422023000241 |
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