Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea
<p>The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed, brackish water sea in northern Europe. The deep basins of the central Baltic Sea regularly show hypoxic conditions. In contrast, the northern parts of the Baltic Sea, the Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay, are well oxygenated. Lateral inflows or a ventilation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Ocean Science |
| Online Access: | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/16/767/2020/os-16-767-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818385596137078784 |
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| author | T. Neumann H. Siegel M. Moros M. Gerth M. Kniebusch D. Heydebreck D. Heydebreck |
| author_facet | T. Neumann H. Siegel M. Moros M. Gerth M. Kniebusch D. Heydebreck D. Heydebreck |
| author_sort | T. Neumann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed, brackish water sea in northern Europe. The deep basins of the central Baltic Sea regularly show hypoxic conditions. In contrast, the northern parts of the Baltic Sea, the Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay, are well oxygenated. Lateral inflows or a ventilation due to convection are possible mechanisms for high oxygen concentrations in the deep water of the northern Baltic Sea.</p>
<p>In March 2017, conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) profiles and bottle samples, ice core samples, and brine were collected in the Bothnian Bay. In addition to hydrographic standard parameters, light absorption has been measured in all samples. A complementary numerical model simulation provides quantitative estimates of the spread of newly formed bottom water. The model uses passive and age tracers to identify and trace different water masses.</p>
<p>Observations indicate a recent ventilation of the deep bottom water at one of the observed stations. The analysis of observations and model simulations shows that the Bothnian Bay is ventilated by dense water formed due to mixing of Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay surface water initializing lateral inflows. The observations show the beginning of the inflow and the model simulation demonstrates the further northward spreading of bottom water. These events occur during wintertime when the water temperature is low. Brine rejected during ice formation barely contributes to dense bottom water.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:40:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fa759498e0e64d0babf5fa2595c3a0a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1812-0784 1812-0792 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:40:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ocean Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-fa759498e0e64d0babf5fa2595c3a0a42022-12-21T23:18:29ZengCopernicus PublicationsOcean Science1812-07841812-07922020-07-011676778010.5194/os-16-767-2020Ventilation of the northern Baltic SeaT. Neumann0H. Siegel1M. Moros2M. Gerth3M. Kniebusch4D. Heydebreck5D. Heydebreck6Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock 18119 Warnemünde Seestr. 15, Germanypreviously published under the name Daniel Neumann<p>The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed, brackish water sea in northern Europe. The deep basins of the central Baltic Sea regularly show hypoxic conditions. In contrast, the northern parts of the Baltic Sea, the Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay, are well oxygenated. Lateral inflows or a ventilation due to convection are possible mechanisms for high oxygen concentrations in the deep water of the northern Baltic Sea.</p> <p>In March 2017, conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) profiles and bottle samples, ice core samples, and brine were collected in the Bothnian Bay. In addition to hydrographic standard parameters, light absorption has been measured in all samples. A complementary numerical model simulation provides quantitative estimates of the spread of newly formed bottom water. The model uses passive and age tracers to identify and trace different water masses.</p> <p>Observations indicate a recent ventilation of the deep bottom water at one of the observed stations. The analysis of observations and model simulations shows that the Bothnian Bay is ventilated by dense water formed due to mixing of Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay surface water initializing lateral inflows. The observations show the beginning of the inflow and the model simulation demonstrates the further northward spreading of bottom water. These events occur during wintertime when the water temperature is low. Brine rejected during ice formation barely contributes to dense bottom water.</p>https://os.copernicus.org/articles/16/767/2020/os-16-767-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. Neumann H. Siegel M. Moros M. Gerth M. Kniebusch D. Heydebreck D. Heydebreck Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea Ocean Science |
| title | Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea |
| title_full | Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea |
| title_fullStr | Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea |
| title_short | Ventilation of the northern Baltic Sea |
| title_sort | ventilation of the northern baltic sea |
| url | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/16/767/2020/os-16-767-2020.pdf |
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