Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.)
The high interest in non-psychoactive cannabidiol increases the need for efficient and straightforward cannabidiol (CBD) extraction methods. The research aimed to compare simple methods of cannabinoid extraction that do not require advanced laboratory equipment. This work assesses the content of tot...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5868 |
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| author | Milena Szalata Mariola Dreger Aleksandra Zielińska Joanna Banach Marlena Szalata Karolina Wielgus |
| author_facet | Milena Szalata Mariola Dreger Aleksandra Zielińska Joanna Banach Marlena Szalata Karolina Wielgus |
| author_sort | Milena Szalata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The high interest in non-psychoactive cannabidiol increases the need for efficient and straightforward cannabidiol (CBD) extraction methods. The research aimed to compare simple methods of cannabinoid extraction that do not require advanced laboratory equipment. This work assesses the content of total CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) in popular solvents such as water and ethanol extracts. Hemp raw material was analyzed with Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), while extracts were tested by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The female inflorescences of three varieties of industrial hemp were tested: Futura 75, KC Dora, and Tygra (different sowing and N fertilization densities). Tygra (T/10/30) showed the highest content of CBD (0.064%) in water extracts. However, in 80% tincture from Futura 75 (F/30/30), a higher CBD content of 1.393% was observed. The use of 96% ethanol for extraction and ultrasound enabled the highest CBD content to be obtained: 2.682% in Futura 75 (F/30/30). Cold water extraction showed no effect on Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC content, while hot water extraction increased content from 0.001% in KC Dora to 0.002% in Futura 75 (F/30/30) and Tygra, but the changes were statistically insignificant. Application of 80% ethanol revealed the significantly highest content of Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in KC Dora, from 0.026% (K/30/90) to 0.057% (K/30/30), as well as in Tygra (T/30/30) (0.036%) and Futura 75 (F/30/30) (0.048%). The use of ethanol extraction in combination with ultrasound could be an efficient method of obtaining cannabinoids. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fa96046e48a042e48ba646e0b404f8a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:02:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-fa96046e48a042e48ba646e0b404f8a82023-11-23T18:00:18ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-09-012718586810.3390/molecules27185868Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.)Milena Szalata0Mariola Dreger1Aleksandra Zielińska2Joanna Banach3Marlena Szalata4Karolina Wielgus5Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, 60-630 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, 60-630 Poznań, PolandInstitute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, PolandDepartment for Research and Processing of Seeds, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, 60-630 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Street 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, PolandThe high interest in non-psychoactive cannabidiol increases the need for efficient and straightforward cannabidiol (CBD) extraction methods. The research aimed to compare simple methods of cannabinoid extraction that do not require advanced laboratory equipment. This work assesses the content of total CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) in popular solvents such as water and ethanol extracts. Hemp raw material was analyzed with Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), while extracts were tested by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The female inflorescences of three varieties of industrial hemp were tested: Futura 75, KC Dora, and Tygra (different sowing and N fertilization densities). Tygra (T/10/30) showed the highest content of CBD (0.064%) in water extracts. However, in 80% tincture from Futura 75 (F/30/30), a higher CBD content of 1.393% was observed. The use of 96% ethanol for extraction and ultrasound enabled the highest CBD content to be obtained: 2.682% in Futura 75 (F/30/30). Cold water extraction showed no effect on Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC content, while hot water extraction increased content from 0.001% in KC Dora to 0.002% in Futura 75 (F/30/30) and Tygra, but the changes were statistically insignificant. Application of 80% ethanol revealed the significantly highest content of Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in KC Dora, from 0.026% (K/30/90) to 0.057% (K/30/30), as well as in Tygra (T/30/30) (0.036%) and Futura 75 (F/30/30) (0.048%). The use of ethanol extraction in combination with ultrasound could be an efficient method of obtaining cannabinoids.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5868<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC)cannabidiol (CBD)water extractionethanol extraction |
| spellingShingle | Milena Szalata Mariola Dreger Aleksandra Zielińska Joanna Banach Marlena Szalata Karolina Wielgus Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Molecules <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) cannabidiol (CBD) water extraction ethanol extraction |
| title | Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) |
| title_full | Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) |
| title_short | Simple Extraction of Cannabinoids from Female Inflorescences of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) |
| title_sort | simple extraction of cannabinoids from female inflorescences of hemp i cannabis sativa i l |
| topic | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) cannabidiol (CBD) water extraction ethanol extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/18/5868 |
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