Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation
The segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes during mitosis requires their extensive folding into units of manageable size for the mitotic spindle. Here, we report on how phosphorylation at serine 10 of histone H3 (H3 S10) contributes to this process. Using a fluorescence-based assay to study local com...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2015-11-01
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| Series: | eLife |
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| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/10396 |
| _version_ | 1811200211280723968 |
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| author | Tom Kruitwagen Annina Denoth-Lippuner Bryan J Wilkins Heinz Neumann Yves Barral |
| author_facet | Tom Kruitwagen Annina Denoth-Lippuner Bryan J Wilkins Heinz Neumann Yves Barral |
| author_sort | Tom Kruitwagen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes during mitosis requires their extensive folding into units of manageable size for the mitotic spindle. Here, we report on how phosphorylation at serine 10 of histone H3 (H3 S10) contributes to this process. Using a fluorescence-based assay to study local compaction of the chromatin fiber in living yeast cells, we show that chromosome condensation entails two temporally and mechanistically distinct processes. Initially, nucleosome-nucleosome interaction triggered by H3 S10 phosphorylation and deacetylation of histone H4 promote short-range compaction of chromatin during early anaphase. Independently, condensin mediates the axial contraction of chromosome arms, a process peaking later in anaphase. Whereas defects in chromatin compaction have no observable effect on axial contraction and condensin inactivation does not affect short-range chromatin compaction, inactivation of both pathways causes synergistic defects in chromosome segregation and cell viability. Furthermore, both pathways rely at least partially on the deacetylase Hst2, suggesting that this protein helps coordinating chromatin compaction and axial contraction to properly shape mitotic chromosomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:00:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-faa96747915d4ae58605988931c2bf4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:00:54Z |
| publishDate | 2015-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-faa96747915d4ae58605988931c2bf4d2022-12-22T03:52:41ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2015-11-01410.7554/eLife.10396Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensationTom Kruitwagen0Annina Denoth-Lippuner1Bryan J Wilkins2Heinz Neumann3Yves Barral4Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, SwitzerlandInstitute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, SwitzerlandFree Floater (Junior) Research Group "Applied Synthetic Biology," Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg- August University Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyFree Floater (Junior) Research Group "Applied Synthetic Biology," Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg- August University Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyInstitute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, SwitzerlandThe segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes during mitosis requires their extensive folding into units of manageable size for the mitotic spindle. Here, we report on how phosphorylation at serine 10 of histone H3 (H3 S10) contributes to this process. Using a fluorescence-based assay to study local compaction of the chromatin fiber in living yeast cells, we show that chromosome condensation entails two temporally and mechanistically distinct processes. Initially, nucleosome-nucleosome interaction triggered by H3 S10 phosphorylation and deacetylation of histone H4 promote short-range compaction of chromatin during early anaphase. Independently, condensin mediates the axial contraction of chromosome arms, a process peaking later in anaphase. Whereas defects in chromatin compaction have no observable effect on axial contraction and condensin inactivation does not affect short-range chromatin compaction, inactivation of both pathways causes synergistic defects in chromosome segregation and cell viability. Furthermore, both pathways rely at least partially on the deacetylase Hst2, suggesting that this protein helps coordinating chromatin compaction and axial contraction to properly shape mitotic chromosomes.https://elifesciences.org/articles/10396mitosischromosome condensationchromosome segregation |
| spellingShingle | Tom Kruitwagen Annina Denoth-Lippuner Bryan J Wilkins Heinz Neumann Yves Barral Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation eLife mitosis chromosome condensation chromosome segregation |
| title | Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| title_full | Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| title_fullStr | Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| title_short | Axial contraction and short-range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| title_sort | axial contraction and short range compaction of chromatin synergistically promote mitotic chromosome condensation |
| topic | mitosis chromosome condensation chromosome segregation |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/10396 |
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