Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks
Apple (<i>Malus × domestica</i> Borkh.) is one of the most cultivated fruit crops in China. Apple trees frequently encounter waterlogging stress, mainly due to excess rainfall, soil compaction, or poor soil drainage, results in yellowing leaves and declined fruit quality and yield in som...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9298 |
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| author | Kunxi Zhang Xiaofei Chen Penghao Yuan Chunhui Song Shangwei Song Jian Jiao Miaomiao Wang Pengbo Hao Xianbo Zheng Tuanhui Bai |
| author_facet | Kunxi Zhang Xiaofei Chen Penghao Yuan Chunhui Song Shangwei Song Jian Jiao Miaomiao Wang Pengbo Hao Xianbo Zheng Tuanhui Bai |
| author_sort | Kunxi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apple (<i>Malus × domestica</i> Borkh.) is one of the most cultivated fruit crops in China. Apple trees frequently encounter waterlogging stress, mainly due to excess rainfall, soil compaction, or poor soil drainage, results in yellowing leaves and declined fruit quality and yield in some regions. However, the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging has not been well elucidated. Therefore, we performed a physiological and transcriptomic analysis to examine the differential responses of two apple rootstocks (waterlogging-tolerant <i>M. hupehensis</i> and waterlogging-sensitive <i>M. toringoides</i>) to waterlogging stress. The results showed that <i>M. toringoides</i> displayed more severe leaf chlorosis during the waterlogging treatment than <i>M. hupehensis.</i> Compared with <i>M. hupehensis</i>, the more severe leaf chlorosis induced by waterlogging stress in <i>M. toringoides</i> was highly correlated with increased electrolyte leakage and superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, and increased stomata closure. Interestingly, <i>M. toringoides</i> also conveyed a higher ethylene production under waterlogging stress. Furthermore, RNA-seq revealed that a total of 13,913 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were differentially regulated between <i>M. hupehensis</i> and <i>M. toringoides</i> under waterlogging stress, especially those DEGs involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and hormone signaling. This suggests a possible link of flavonoids and hormone signaling to waterlogging tolerance. Taken together, our data provide the targeted genes for further investigation of the functions, as well as for future molecular breeding of waterlogging-tolerant apple rootstocks. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:06:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fad8cd83830143308b7d31aaba555c1a2023-11-18T07:57:06ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-05-012411929810.3390/ijms24119298Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple RootstocksKunxi Zhang0Xiaofei Chen1Penghao Yuan2Chunhui Song3Shangwei Song4Jian Jiao5Miaomiao Wang6Pengbo Hao7Xianbo Zheng8Tuanhui Bai9College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaApple (<i>Malus × domestica</i> Borkh.) is one of the most cultivated fruit crops in China. Apple trees frequently encounter waterlogging stress, mainly due to excess rainfall, soil compaction, or poor soil drainage, results in yellowing leaves and declined fruit quality and yield in some regions. However, the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging has not been well elucidated. Therefore, we performed a physiological and transcriptomic analysis to examine the differential responses of two apple rootstocks (waterlogging-tolerant <i>M. hupehensis</i> and waterlogging-sensitive <i>M. toringoides</i>) to waterlogging stress. The results showed that <i>M. toringoides</i> displayed more severe leaf chlorosis during the waterlogging treatment than <i>M. hupehensis.</i> Compared with <i>M. hupehensis</i>, the more severe leaf chlorosis induced by waterlogging stress in <i>M. toringoides</i> was highly correlated with increased electrolyte leakage and superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, and increased stomata closure. Interestingly, <i>M. toringoides</i> also conveyed a higher ethylene production under waterlogging stress. Furthermore, RNA-seq revealed that a total of 13,913 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were differentially regulated between <i>M. hupehensis</i> and <i>M. toringoides</i> under waterlogging stress, especially those DEGs involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and hormone signaling. This suggests a possible link of flavonoids and hormone signaling to waterlogging tolerance. Taken together, our data provide the targeted genes for further investigation of the functions, as well as for future molecular breeding of waterlogging-tolerant apple rootstocks.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9298waterlogging stressapple rootstocksflavonoidsRNA-seqethylene |
| spellingShingle | Kunxi Zhang Xiaofei Chen Penghao Yuan Chunhui Song Shangwei Song Jian Jiao Miaomiao Wang Pengbo Hao Xianbo Zheng Tuanhui Bai Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks International Journal of Molecular Sciences waterlogging stress apple rootstocks flavonoids RNA-seq ethylene |
| title | Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks |
| title_full | Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks |
| title_short | Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Pathways and Specific Genes Involved in Waterlogging Tolerance in Apple Rootstocks |
| title_sort | comparative physiological and transcriptome analysis reveals potential pathways and specific genes involved in waterlogging tolerance in apple rootstocks |
| topic | waterlogging stress apple rootstocks flavonoids RNA-seq ethylene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9298 |
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