Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles
Control of the heart rate and cardiorespiratory interactions (CRI) is predominantly parasympathetic in all jawed vertebrates, with the sympathetic nervous system having some influence in tetrapods. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has been described as a solely mammalian phenomenon but respiration...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica
2010-07-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000700001 |
| _version_ | 1818943647830245376 |
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| author | E.W. Taylor C.A.C. Leite N. Skovgaard |
| author_facet | E.W. Taylor C.A.C. Leite N. Skovgaard |
| author_sort | E.W. Taylor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Control of the heart rate and cardiorespiratory interactions (CRI) is predominantly parasympathetic in all jawed vertebrates, with the sympathetic nervous system having some influence in tetrapods. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has been described as a solely mammalian phenomenon but respiration-related beat-to-beat control of the heart has been described in fish and reptiles. Though they are both important, the relative roles of feed-forward central control and peripheral reflexes in generating CRI vary between groups of fishes and probably between other vertebrates. CRI may relate to two locations for the vagal preganglionic neurons (VPN) and in particular cardiac VPN in the brainstem. This has been described in representatives from all vertebrate groups, though the proportion in each location is variable. Air-breathing fishes, amphibians and reptiles breathe discontinuously and the onset of a bout of breathing is characteristically accompanied by an immediate increase in heart rate plus, in the latter two groups, a left-right shunting of blood through the pulmonary circuit. Both the increase in heart rate and opening of a sphincter on the pulmonary artery are due to withdrawal of vagal tone. An increase in heart rate following a meal in snakes is related to withdrawal of vagal tone plus a non-adrenergic-non-cholinergic effect that may be due to humoral factors released by the gut. Histamine is one candidate for this role. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:30:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-faf0105918ab4e8d98adec1dcab8e37a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0100-879X 1414-431X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:30:39Z |
| publishDate | 2010-07-01 |
| publisher | Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-faf0105918ab4e8d98adec1dcab8e37a2022-12-21T19:48:26ZengAssociação Brasileira de Divulgação CientíficaBrazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research0100-879X1414-431X2010-07-01437600610Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptilesE.W. TaylorC.A.C. LeiteN. SkovgaardControl of the heart rate and cardiorespiratory interactions (CRI) is predominantly parasympathetic in all jawed vertebrates, with the sympathetic nervous system having some influence in tetrapods. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has been described as a solely mammalian phenomenon but respiration-related beat-to-beat control of the heart has been described in fish and reptiles. Though they are both important, the relative roles of feed-forward central control and peripheral reflexes in generating CRI vary between groups of fishes and probably between other vertebrates. CRI may relate to two locations for the vagal preganglionic neurons (VPN) and in particular cardiac VPN in the brainstem. This has been described in representatives from all vertebrate groups, though the proportion in each location is variable. Air-breathing fishes, amphibians and reptiles breathe discontinuously and the onset of a bout of breathing is characteristically accompanied by an immediate increase in heart rate plus, in the latter two groups, a left-right shunting of blood through the pulmonary circuit. Both the increase in heart rate and opening of a sphincter on the pulmonary artery are due to withdrawal of vagal tone. An increase in heart rate following a meal in snakes is related to withdrawal of vagal tone plus a non-adrenergic-non-cholinergic effect that may be due to humoral factors released by the gut. Histamine is one candidate for this role.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000700001Cardiorespiratory interactionsAutonomic nervous systemCardiac vagal preganglionic neuronsCentral interactionsPeripheral reflex controlNon-adrenergic-non-cholinergic (NANC) control of heart rate |
| spellingShingle | E.W. Taylor C.A.C. Leite N. Skovgaard Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research Cardiorespiratory interactions Autonomic nervous system Cardiac vagal preganglionic neurons Central interactions Peripheral reflex control Non-adrenergic-non-cholinergic (NANC) control of heart rate |
| title | Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles |
| title_full | Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles |
| title_fullStr | Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles |
| title_short | Autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish, amphibians and reptiles |
| title_sort | autonomic control of cardiorespiratory interactions in fish amphibians and reptiles |
| topic | Cardiorespiratory interactions Autonomic nervous system Cardiac vagal preganglionic neurons Central interactions Peripheral reflex control Non-adrenergic-non-cholinergic (NANC) control of heart rate |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000700001 |
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