Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation
Supplemental irrigation under a ridge-furrow (RF) cropping system is a valuable cropping practice that balances resource efficiency and high crop yield. However, the effects of nitrogen management on crop growth, yield formation, and economic benefits under RF systems have not been clearly investiga...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1708 |
| _version_ | 1827734354155012096 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi Yang Qun Qin Qi Li Vinay Nangia Bing Lan Fei Mo Yuncheng Liao Yang Liu |
| author_facet | Yi Yang Qun Qin Qi Li Vinay Nangia Bing Lan Fei Mo Yuncheng Liao Yang Liu |
| author_sort | Yi Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Supplemental irrigation under a ridge-furrow (RF) cropping system is a valuable cropping practice that balances resource efficiency and high crop yield. However, the effects of nitrogen management on crop growth, yield formation, and economic benefits under RF systems have not been clearly investigated. In this study, the experiment was designed with three experimental factorials, including three cropping systems (RF, RF cropping with 80 mm irrigation; TF1, traditional flat cropping with 200 mm irrigation; and TF2, traditional flat cropping with 80 mm irrigation), two nitrogen application rates (NL, 180 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>; NH, 240 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>), and two fertilizer application models (B, all nitrogen fertilizers were applied basally at the pre-sowing stage; BT, nitrogen fertilizer was applied at both the pre-sowing and jointing stages at a ratio of 1:1). A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on wheat yield, water and nitrogen utilization, and economic benefits under the RF cropping system. The results showed that the RF system significantly increased the soil moisture content and improved the water productivity (WP) and grain yield of wheat. Nitrogen reduction (NL) under the RF system did not affect the water use of the wheat compared with traditional high nitrogen application (NH) but increased the nitrogen uptake and fertilizer productivity of the wheat. Although NL led to a reduction in aboveground dry matter accumulation, it did not significantly affect the yield of wheat but increased the net income of wheat cultivation. Under NL conditions, the BT nitrogen application model promoted nitrogen uptake in wheat and ameliorated the reduction in grain protein content due to plastic film mulching, and this model is an integrated planting practice that trades off wheat yield and quality. These findings suggest that NLBT is a promising and recommendable cropping practice under RF systems considering resource utilization, high yield and quality, and economic efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:24:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-faf1a01f58c5442d801f994c9ca095f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:24:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-faf1a01f58c5442d801f994c9ca095f82023-11-18T17:54:58ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-06-01137170810.3390/agronomy13071708Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary IrrigationYi Yang0Qun Qin1Qi Li2Vinay Nangia3Bing Lan4Fei Mo5Yuncheng Liao6Yang Liu7College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat 10100, MoroccoCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaSupplemental irrigation under a ridge-furrow (RF) cropping system is a valuable cropping practice that balances resource efficiency and high crop yield. However, the effects of nitrogen management on crop growth, yield formation, and economic benefits under RF systems have not been clearly investigated. In this study, the experiment was designed with three experimental factorials, including three cropping systems (RF, RF cropping with 80 mm irrigation; TF1, traditional flat cropping with 200 mm irrigation; and TF2, traditional flat cropping with 80 mm irrigation), two nitrogen application rates (NL, 180 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>; NH, 240 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>), and two fertilizer application models (B, all nitrogen fertilizers were applied basally at the pre-sowing stage; BT, nitrogen fertilizer was applied at both the pre-sowing and jointing stages at a ratio of 1:1). A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on wheat yield, water and nitrogen utilization, and economic benefits under the RF cropping system. The results showed that the RF system significantly increased the soil moisture content and improved the water productivity (WP) and grain yield of wheat. Nitrogen reduction (NL) under the RF system did not affect the water use of the wheat compared with traditional high nitrogen application (NH) but increased the nitrogen uptake and fertilizer productivity of the wheat. Although NL led to a reduction in aboveground dry matter accumulation, it did not significantly affect the yield of wheat but increased the net income of wheat cultivation. Under NL conditions, the BT nitrogen application model promoted nitrogen uptake in wheat and ameliorated the reduction in grain protein content due to plastic film mulching, and this model is an integrated planting practice that trades off wheat yield and quality. These findings suggest that NLBT is a promising and recommendable cropping practice under RF systems considering resource utilization, high yield and quality, and economic efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1708wheatridge-furrow plantingwater and nitrogen utilizationsupplementary irrigationeconomic assessment |
| spellingShingle | Yi Yang Qun Qin Qi Li Vinay Nangia Bing Lan Fei Mo Yuncheng Liao Yang Liu Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation Agronomy wheat ridge-furrow planting water and nitrogen utilization supplementary irrigation economic assessment |
| title | Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation |
| title_full | Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation |
| title_short | Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation |
| title_sort | effect of nitrogen management on wheat yield water and nitrogen utilization and economic benefits under ridge furrow cropping system with supplementary irrigation |
| topic | wheat ridge-furrow planting water and nitrogen utilization supplementary irrigation economic assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1708 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yiyang effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT qunqin effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT qili effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT vinaynangia effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT binglan effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT feimo effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT yunchengliao effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation AT yangliu effectofnitrogenmanagementonwheatyieldwaterandnitrogenutilizationandeconomicbenefitsunderridgefurrowcroppingsystemwithsupplementaryirrigation |