Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population
Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani,1 Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy,1 Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed,2,3 Nassr Al-Maflehi,4 Bahauddeen M Alrfaei,5 Thamer A Almangour,6 Nora Alkhudair,6 Ghada Bawazeer,6 Ghalia Shamlan,7 Marzouqah S Alanazi8 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-obesity-and-covid-19-disease-severity-in-saudi-pop-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
| _version_ | 1797713459050184704 |
|---|---|
| author | Alqahtani FY Aleanizy FS Mohamed RAEH Al-Maflehi N Alrfaei BM Almangour TA Alkhudair N Bawazeer G Shamlan G Alanazi MS |
| author_facet | Alqahtani FY Aleanizy FS Mohamed RAEH Al-Maflehi N Alrfaei BM Almangour TA Alkhudair N Bawazeer G Shamlan G Alanazi MS |
| author_sort | Alqahtani FY |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani,1 Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy,1 Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed,2,3 Nassr Al-Maflehi,4 Bahauddeen M Alrfaei,5 Thamer A Almangour,6 Nora Alkhudair,6 Ghada Bawazeer,6 Ghalia Shamlan,7 Marzouqah S Alanazi8 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan; 4Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Human Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11362, Saudi Arabia; 8Emergency Medicine Consultant, Emergency Department, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani, Email fyalqahtani@ksu.edu.saBackground: The persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has placed a significant burden on the scientific and medical professions. The study examined the association between body mass index (BMI), stratified by category, and severe form of COVID-19, and to explore the influence of demographic characteristics and other known risk factors.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis based on COVID-19 data from the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health. Data were collected for all patients admitted to three main hospitals in Riyadh region between March 1st and July 30, 2020. The effects of BMI, demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and comorbidities on infection severity were investigated.Results: A total of 950 patients were included in the study (70% male, 85% aged younger than 60 years old). A total of 55 (5.8%) patients were underweight, 263 (27.7%) were normal weight, 351 (37%) were overweight, 161 (17%) were obese class I, 76 (8%) were obese class II, and 44 (4.6%) were obese class III. Cough, fever, and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms among overweight patients. According to the findings of a bivariate logistic regression study, class III obesity was significantly associated with a more severe form of COVID-19 (odds ratio, 2.874; 95% confidence interval, 1.344– 6.149).Conclusion: This study revealed that patients with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 had a higher risk of severe COVID-19 than those with normal weight. This suggests that obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 and influences disease presentation.Keywords: COVID-19, body mass index, obesity, severe COVID-19 |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:36:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb1bb323b2144f759fa465a82e4ad70c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:36:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb1bb323b2144f759fa465a82e4ad70c2023-09-02T21:30:29ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072022-05-01Volume 151527153575327Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi PopulationAlqahtani FYAleanizy FSMohamed RAEHAl-Maflehi NAlrfaei BMAlmangour TAAlkhudair NBawazeer GShamlan GAlanazi MSFulwah Yahya Alqahtani,1 Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy,1 Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed,2,3 Nassr Al-Maflehi,4 Bahauddeen M Alrfaei,5 Thamer A Almangour,6 Nora Alkhudair,6 Ghada Bawazeer,6 Ghalia Shamlan,7 Marzouqah S Alanazi8 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan; 4Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Human Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11362, Saudi Arabia; 8Emergency Medicine Consultant, Emergency Department, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani, Email fyalqahtani@ksu.edu.saBackground: The persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has placed a significant burden on the scientific and medical professions. The study examined the association between body mass index (BMI), stratified by category, and severe form of COVID-19, and to explore the influence of demographic characteristics and other known risk factors.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis based on COVID-19 data from the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health. Data were collected for all patients admitted to three main hospitals in Riyadh region between March 1st and July 30, 2020. The effects of BMI, demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and comorbidities on infection severity were investigated.Results: A total of 950 patients were included in the study (70% male, 85% aged younger than 60 years old). A total of 55 (5.8%) patients were underweight, 263 (27.7%) were normal weight, 351 (37%) were overweight, 161 (17%) were obese class I, 76 (8%) were obese class II, and 44 (4.6%) were obese class III. Cough, fever, and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms among overweight patients. According to the findings of a bivariate logistic regression study, class III obesity was significantly associated with a more severe form of COVID-19 (odds ratio, 2.874; 95% confidence interval, 1.344– 6.149).Conclusion: This study revealed that patients with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 had a higher risk of severe COVID-19 than those with normal weight. This suggests that obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 and influences disease presentation.Keywords: COVID-19, body mass index, obesity, severe COVID-19https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-obesity-and-covid-19-disease-severity-in-saudi-pop-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOcovid-19body mass indexobesitysevere covid-19 |
| spellingShingle | Alqahtani FY Aleanizy FS Mohamed RAEH Al-Maflehi N Alrfaei BM Almangour TA Alkhudair N Bawazeer G Shamlan G Alanazi MS Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity covid-19 body mass index obesity severe covid-19 |
| title | Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population |
| title_full | Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population |
| title_fullStr | Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population |
| title_short | Association Between Obesity and COVID-19 Disease Severity in Saudi Population |
| title_sort | association between obesity and covid 19 disease severity in saudi population |
| topic | covid-19 body mass index obesity severe covid-19 |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-obesity-and-covid-19-disease-severity-in-saudi-pop-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alqahtanify associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT aleanizyfs associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT mohamedraeh associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT almaflehin associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT alrfaeibm associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT almangourta associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT alkhudairn associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT bawazeerg associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT shamlang associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation AT alanazims associationbetweenobesityandcovid19diseaseseverityinsaudipopulation |