Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation
The aim of this work was to biosynthesize SnO<sub>2</sub>-decorated ZnO (ZT) nanocomposites (NCs) of different Sn content (10, 20, and 30 mol%), namely, ZT10, ZT20, and ZT30, using <i>Olea europaea</i> leaf aqueous extract-based phytocompounds as nanoparticle facilitating age...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7398 |
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| author | Naaser A. Y. Abduh Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni |
| author_facet | Naaser A. Y. Abduh Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni |
| author_sort | Naaser A. Y. Abduh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this work was to biosynthesize SnO<sub>2</sub>-decorated ZnO (ZT) nanocomposites (NCs) of different Sn content (10, 20, and 30 mol%), namely, ZT10, ZT20, and ZT30, using <i>Olea europaea</i> leaf aqueous extract-based phytocompounds as nanoparticle facilitating agents for application as effective photocatalyst in the removal of dyes from polluted water. The obtained ZT NCs were characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, XRD, TGA, TEM, EDS, UV–Vis, PL, and BET surface area. X-ray diffraction patterns show that rutile SnO<sub>2</sub> and hexagonal ZnO coexist in the composites, and their crystallite size (D) is affected by the SnO<sub>2</sub> ratio; the obtained D-values were 17.24, 19.07, 13.99, 6.45, and 12.30 nm for ZnO, SnO<sub>2</sub>, ZT10, ZT20, and ZT30, respectively. The direct band gaps of the ZT heterostructure increase with increasing SnO<sub>2</sub> ratio (band gap = 3.10, 3.45, 3.14, 3.17, and 3.21 eV, respectively). TEM spectroscopy revealed nanorod and spherical grain morphologies of the composites, while EDS confirmed the elemental composition, the element ratio, and the composite’s purity. All catalysts exhibit type III isotherm with macropore structure. The photocatalytic efficiency against cationic (methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RB)), and anionic (methyl orange (MO)) dyes, under sunlight, was optimal with ZT20. The results revealed almost complete degradation at 55, 65, and 55 min, respectively. Hence, it is evident that incorporating SnO<sub>2</sub> improves the photocatalyst’s performance, with an apparent optimal enhancement at 20 mol% Sn decorating ZT NCs. More interestingly, the catalyst stability and activity remained unaffected even after four activating cycles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:47:30Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:47:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb1bda90b8124d508d15d7aed05736c82023-12-08T15:21:03ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-11-011623739810.3390/ma16237398Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight RadiationNaaser A. Y. Abduh0Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaRestorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaThe aim of this work was to biosynthesize SnO<sub>2</sub>-decorated ZnO (ZT) nanocomposites (NCs) of different Sn content (10, 20, and 30 mol%), namely, ZT10, ZT20, and ZT30, using <i>Olea europaea</i> leaf aqueous extract-based phytocompounds as nanoparticle facilitating agents for application as effective photocatalyst in the removal of dyes from polluted water. The obtained ZT NCs were characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, XRD, TGA, TEM, EDS, UV–Vis, PL, and BET surface area. X-ray diffraction patterns show that rutile SnO<sub>2</sub> and hexagonal ZnO coexist in the composites, and their crystallite size (D) is affected by the SnO<sub>2</sub> ratio; the obtained D-values were 17.24, 19.07, 13.99, 6.45, and 12.30 nm for ZnO, SnO<sub>2</sub>, ZT10, ZT20, and ZT30, respectively. The direct band gaps of the ZT heterostructure increase with increasing SnO<sub>2</sub> ratio (band gap = 3.10, 3.45, 3.14, 3.17, and 3.21 eV, respectively). TEM spectroscopy revealed nanorod and spherical grain morphologies of the composites, while EDS confirmed the elemental composition, the element ratio, and the composite’s purity. All catalysts exhibit type III isotherm with macropore structure. The photocatalytic efficiency against cationic (methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RB)), and anionic (methyl orange (MO)) dyes, under sunlight, was optimal with ZT20. The results revealed almost complete degradation at 55, 65, and 55 min, respectively. Hence, it is evident that incorporating SnO<sub>2</sub> improves the photocatalyst’s performance, with an apparent optimal enhancement at 20 mol% Sn decorating ZT NCs. More interestingly, the catalyst stability and activity remained unaffected even after four activating cycles.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7398zinc oxidetin oxidenanocompositephotocatalystphotodegradationdyes |
| spellingShingle | Naaser A. Y. Abduh Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation Materials zinc oxide tin oxide nanocomposite photocatalyst photodegradation dyes |
| title | Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation |
| title_full | Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation |
| title_short | Green Synthesis of ZnO/SnO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes under Sunlight Radiation |
| title_sort | green synthesis of zno sno sub 2 sub hybrid nanocomposite for degradation of cationic and anionic dyes under sunlight radiation |
| topic | zinc oxide tin oxide nanocomposite photocatalyst photodegradation dyes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7398 |
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