Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer
Abstract Background The fungi in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut mycobiota, are now recognised as a significant part of the gut microbiota, and they may be important to human health. In contrast to the adult gut mycobiota, the establishment of the early gut mycobiota has never been described, an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Microbiome |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-017-0319-x |
| _version_ | 1811268451458613248 |
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| author | Kasper Schei Ekaterina Avershina Torbjørn Øien Knut Rudi Turid Follestad Saideh Salamati Rønnaug Astri Ødegård |
| author_facet | Kasper Schei Ekaterina Avershina Torbjørn Øien Knut Rudi Turid Follestad Saideh Salamati Rønnaug Astri Ødegård |
| author_sort | Kasper Schei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The fungi in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut mycobiota, are now recognised as a significant part of the gut microbiota, and they may be important to human health. In contrast to the adult gut mycobiota, the establishment of the early gut mycobiota has never been described, and there is little knowledge about the fungal transfer from mother to offspring. Methods In a prospective cohort, we followed 298 pairs of healthy mothers and offspring from 36 weeks of gestation until 2 years of age (1516 samples) and explored the gut mycobiota in maternal and offspring samples. Half of the pregnant mothers were randomised into drinking probiotic milk during and after pregnancy. The probiotic bacteria included Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5. We quantified the fungal abundance of all the samples using qPCR of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1 segment, and we sequenced the 18S rRNA gene ITS1 region of 90 high-quantity samples using the MiSeq platform (Illumina). Results The gut mycobiota was detected in most of the mothers and the majority of the offspring. The offspring showed increased odds of having detectable faecal fungal DNA if the mother had detectable fungal DNA as well (OR = 1.54, p = 0.04). The fungal alpha diversity in the offspring gut increased from its lowest at 10 days after birth, which was the earliest sampling point. The fungal diversity and fungal species showed a succession towards the maternal mycobiota as the child aged, with Debaryomyces hansenii being the most abundant species during breast-feeding and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the most abundant after weaning. Probiotic consumption increased the gut mycobiota abundance in pregnant mothers (p = 0.01). Conclusion This study provides the first insight into the early fungal establishment and the succession of fungal species in the gut mycobiota. The results support the idea that the fungal host phenotype is transferred from mother to offspring. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00159523 |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:23:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb21dec7ef2f4fe99f2857e796473b6e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-2618 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:23:07Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiome |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb21dec7ef2f4fe99f2857e796473b6e2022-12-22T03:16:15ZengBMCMicrobiome2049-26182017-08-015111210.1186/s40168-017-0319-xEarly gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transferKasper Schei0Ekaterina Avershina1Torbjørn Øien2Knut Rudi3Turid Follestad4Saideh Salamati5Rønnaug Astri Ødegård6Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU – Norway University of Life SciencesDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, NMBU – Norway University of Life SciencesDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyObeCe – Regional Centre for Obesity Research and Innovation, St. Olav’s University HospitalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Background The fungi in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut mycobiota, are now recognised as a significant part of the gut microbiota, and they may be important to human health. In contrast to the adult gut mycobiota, the establishment of the early gut mycobiota has never been described, and there is little knowledge about the fungal transfer from mother to offspring. Methods In a prospective cohort, we followed 298 pairs of healthy mothers and offspring from 36 weeks of gestation until 2 years of age (1516 samples) and explored the gut mycobiota in maternal and offspring samples. Half of the pregnant mothers were randomised into drinking probiotic milk during and after pregnancy. The probiotic bacteria included Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5. We quantified the fungal abundance of all the samples using qPCR of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1 segment, and we sequenced the 18S rRNA gene ITS1 region of 90 high-quantity samples using the MiSeq platform (Illumina). Results The gut mycobiota was detected in most of the mothers and the majority of the offspring. The offspring showed increased odds of having detectable faecal fungal DNA if the mother had detectable fungal DNA as well (OR = 1.54, p = 0.04). The fungal alpha diversity in the offspring gut increased from its lowest at 10 days after birth, which was the earliest sampling point. The fungal diversity and fungal species showed a succession towards the maternal mycobiota as the child aged, with Debaryomyces hansenii being the most abundant species during breast-feeding and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the most abundant after weaning. Probiotic consumption increased the gut mycobiota abundance in pregnant mothers (p = 0.01). Conclusion This study provides the first insight into the early fungal establishment and the succession of fungal species in the gut mycobiota. The results support the idea that the fungal host phenotype is transferred from mother to offspring. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00159523http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-017-0319-xGut microbiotaMycobiotaFungiNewbornInfantInfant health |
| spellingShingle | Kasper Schei Ekaterina Avershina Torbjørn Øien Knut Rudi Turid Follestad Saideh Salamati Rønnaug Astri Ødegård Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer Microbiome Gut microbiota Mycobiota Fungi Newborn Infant Infant health |
| title | Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer |
| title_full | Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer |
| title_fullStr | Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer |
| title_short | Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer |
| title_sort | early gut mycobiota and mother offspring transfer |
| topic | Gut microbiota Mycobiota Fungi Newborn Infant Infant health |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-017-0319-x |
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