Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea
In this study, five on-board microcosm experiments were performed in the subtropical gyre, the Kuroshio Extension region of the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), and the Yellow Sea (YS) in order to investigate phytoplankton growth following the addition of artificially modified mineral dust (AM dus...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2018-02-01
|
| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/749/2018/bg-15-749-2018.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819237570527100928 |
|---|---|
| author | C. Zhang H. Gao H. Gao X. Yao Z. Shi J. Shi Y. Yu L. Meng X. Guo |
| author_facet | C. Zhang H. Gao H. Gao X. Yao Z. Shi J. Shi Y. Yu L. Meng X. Guo |
| author_sort | C. Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, five on-board microcosm experiments were performed in the
subtropical gyre, the Kuroshio Extension region of the northwest Pacific
Ocean (NWPO), and the Yellow Sea (YS) in order to investigate phytoplankton
growth following the addition of artificially modified mineral dust (AM dust)
and various nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), N + P, and
N + P + Fe). The two experiments carried out with AM-dust addition in
the subtropical gyre showed a maximum chlorophyll <i>a</i> (Chl <i>a</i>) concentration
increase of 1.7- and 2.8-fold, while the cell abundance of large-sized
phytoplankton ( > 5 µm) showed a 1.8- and 3.9-fold increase,
respectively, relative to the controls. However, in the Kuroshio
Extension region and the YS, the increases in maximum Chl <i>a</i> and cell
abundance of large-sized phytoplankton following AM-dust addition were at
most 1.3-fold and 1.7-fold larger than those in the controls, respectively. A
net conversion efficiency index (NCEI) newly proposed in this study,
size-fractionated Chl <i>a</i>, and the abundance of large-sized phytoplankton
were analysed to determine which nutrients contribute to supporting
phytoplankton growth. Our results demonstrate that a combination of
nutrients, N–P or N + P + Fe, is responsible for phytoplankton growth in the
subtropical gyre following AM-dust addition. Single nutrient addition, i.e.,
N in the Kuroshio Extension region and P or N in the YS, controls the
phytoplankton growth following AM-dust addition. In the AM-dust-addition
experiments, in which the increased N–P or P was identified to determine
phytoplankton growth, the dissolved inorganic P from AM dust
(8.6 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>) was much lower than the theoretically estimated minimum
P demand (∼ 20 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>) for phytoplankton growth. These
observations suggest that additional supply augments the bioavailable P stock
in incubated seawater with AM-dust addition, most likely due to an enhanced
solubility of P from AM dust or the remineralization of the dissolved organic P. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:22:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb2933f3b97744aba44fab9e87001a6e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:22:26Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb2933f3b97744aba44fab9e87001a6e2022-12-21T17:45:24ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892018-02-011574976510.5194/bg-15-749-2018Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow SeaC. Zhang0H. Gao1H. Gao2X. Yao3Z. Shi4J. Shi5Y. Yu6L. Meng7X. Guo8Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaLaboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ChinaCenter for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, JapanIn this study, five on-board microcosm experiments were performed in the subtropical gyre, the Kuroshio Extension region of the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), and the Yellow Sea (YS) in order to investigate phytoplankton growth following the addition of artificially modified mineral dust (AM dust) and various nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), N + P, and N + P + Fe). The two experiments carried out with AM-dust addition in the subtropical gyre showed a maximum chlorophyll <i>a</i> (Chl <i>a</i>) concentration increase of 1.7- and 2.8-fold, while the cell abundance of large-sized phytoplankton ( > 5 µm) showed a 1.8- and 3.9-fold increase, respectively, relative to the controls. However, in the Kuroshio Extension region and the YS, the increases in maximum Chl <i>a</i> and cell abundance of large-sized phytoplankton following AM-dust addition were at most 1.3-fold and 1.7-fold larger than those in the controls, respectively. A net conversion efficiency index (NCEI) newly proposed in this study, size-fractionated Chl <i>a</i>, and the abundance of large-sized phytoplankton were analysed to determine which nutrients contribute to supporting phytoplankton growth. Our results demonstrate that a combination of nutrients, N–P or N + P + Fe, is responsible for phytoplankton growth in the subtropical gyre following AM-dust addition. Single nutrient addition, i.e., N in the Kuroshio Extension region and P or N in the YS, controls the phytoplankton growth following AM-dust addition. In the AM-dust-addition experiments, in which the increased N–P or P was identified to determine phytoplankton growth, the dissolved inorganic P from AM dust (8.6 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>) was much lower than the theoretically estimated minimum P demand (∼ 20 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>) for phytoplankton growth. These observations suggest that additional supply augments the bioavailable P stock in incubated seawater with AM-dust addition, most likely due to an enhanced solubility of P from AM dust or the remineralization of the dissolved organic P.https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/749/2018/bg-15-749-2018.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Zhang H. Gao H. Gao X. Yao Z. Shi J. Shi Y. Yu L. Meng X. Guo Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea Biogeosciences |
| title | Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea |
| title_full | Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea |
| title_fullStr | Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea |
| title_short | Phytoplankton growth response to Asian dust addition in the northwest Pacific Ocean versus the Yellow Sea |
| title_sort | phytoplankton growth response to asian dust addition in the northwest pacific ocean versus the yellow sea |
| url | https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/749/2018/bg-15-749-2018.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT czhang phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT hgao phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT hgao phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT xyao phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT zshi phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT jshi phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT yyu phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT lmeng phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea AT xguo phytoplanktongrowthresponsetoasiandustadditioninthenorthwestpacificoceanversustheyellowsea |