Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center
ObjectiveAmong adolescents, amenorrhea is a common reason for medical consultation. Despite the variety of underlying etiologies, the prevalence of the causes is incompletely understood. This study aimed to assess the demographic and etiological factors among patients with amenorrhea treated in a si...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1304277/full |
| _version_ | 1797305069858717696 |
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| author | Sara Mörö Silja Kosola Silja Kosola Elina Holopainen |
| author_facet | Sara Mörö Silja Kosola Silja Kosola Elina Holopainen |
| author_sort | Sara Mörö |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveAmong adolescents, amenorrhea is a common reason for medical consultation. Despite the variety of underlying etiologies, the prevalence of the causes is incompletely understood. This study aimed to assess the demographic and etiological factors among patients with amenorrhea treated in a single specialist unit of adolescent gynecology.DesignRetrospective register study.MethodsMedical records of 438 girls evaluated for primary or secondary amenorrhea in a single tertiary care center between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. In all, 423 patients—171 with primary amenorrhea and 252 with secondary amenorrhea—were included in the study. Data on underlying conditions, anthropometric variables, and selected hormonal markers were analyzed.ResultsFunctional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was the most frequent reason for primary (56%) and secondary (78%) amenorrhea. It was mostly explained by lifestyle-related functional hypothalamic amenorrhea caused by disordered eating, intense exercise, energy deficiency, psychological stress, and their combinations.ConclusionMenstrual pattern is a significant indicator of overall health and well-being among adolescent girls and young women. Functional reasons behind primary and secondary amenorrhea are important to recognize. Treatment often requires long-term lifestyle modifications. The frequency of functional causes also implies that most amenorrhea cases are preventable. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T00:19:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb43c80d075b4fc08c06d653e0edcae5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T00:19:35Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb43c80d075b4fc08c06d653e0edcae52024-02-16T13:12:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652024-02-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.13042771304277Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist centerSara Mörö0Silja Kosola1Silja Kosola2Elina Holopainen3Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandChildren’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandResearch, Development and Innovations, Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, FinlandDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandObjectiveAmong adolescents, amenorrhea is a common reason for medical consultation. Despite the variety of underlying etiologies, the prevalence of the causes is incompletely understood. This study aimed to assess the demographic and etiological factors among patients with amenorrhea treated in a single specialist unit of adolescent gynecology.DesignRetrospective register study.MethodsMedical records of 438 girls evaluated for primary or secondary amenorrhea in a single tertiary care center between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. In all, 423 patients—171 with primary amenorrhea and 252 with secondary amenorrhea—were included in the study. Data on underlying conditions, anthropometric variables, and selected hormonal markers were analyzed.ResultsFunctional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was the most frequent reason for primary (56%) and secondary (78%) amenorrhea. It was mostly explained by lifestyle-related functional hypothalamic amenorrhea caused by disordered eating, intense exercise, energy deficiency, psychological stress, and their combinations.ConclusionMenstrual pattern is a significant indicator of overall health and well-being among adolescent girls and young women. Functional reasons behind primary and secondary amenorrhea are important to recognize. Treatment often requires long-term lifestyle modifications. The frequency of functional causes also implies that most amenorrhea cases are preventable.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1304277/fulladolescentamenorrheafunctional hypothalamic amenorrheaexerciseenergy deficiencydisordered eating |
| spellingShingle | Sara Mörö Silja Kosola Silja Kosola Elina Holopainen Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center Frontiers in Public Health adolescent amenorrhea functional hypothalamic amenorrhea exercise energy deficiency disordered eating |
| title | Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| title_full | Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| title_fullStr | Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| title_short | Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| title_sort | girls referred for amenorrhea analysis of a patient series from a specialist center |
| topic | adolescent amenorrhea functional hypothalamic amenorrhea exercise energy deficiency disordered eating |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1304277/full |
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