Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i>
Exposure to sun and especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts well known detrimental effects on skin which are implicated in malignancy. UVR induces production of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), immediately during exposure and even hours after the exposure, these latter being called dar...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/12/1961 |
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| author | Mikel Portillo-Esnaola Azahara Rodríguez-Luna Jimena Nicolás-Morala María Gallego-Rentero María Villalba Ángeles Juarranz Salvador González |
| author_facet | Mikel Portillo-Esnaola Azahara Rodríguez-Luna Jimena Nicolás-Morala María Gallego-Rentero María Villalba Ángeles Juarranz Salvador González |
| author_sort | Mikel Portillo-Esnaola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exposure to sun and especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts well known detrimental effects on skin which are implicated in malignancy. UVR induces production of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), immediately during exposure and even hours after the exposure, these latter being called dark-CPDs, as consequence of the effects of different reactive species that are formed. Fernblock<sup>®</sup> (FB), an aqueous extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i>, has proven to have photoprotective and antioxidant effects on skin. The aim of our work was to investigate the potential photoprotective effect of FB against dark-CPD formation. Murine melanocytes (B16-F10) were exposed to UVA radiation and the production of dark-CPDs and different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) was measured. Significant dark-CPD formation could be seen at 3 h after UVA irradiation, which was inhibited by the pre-treatment of cells with FB. Formation of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite was increased after irradiation, consistent with the increased CPD formation. FB successfully reduced the production of these reactive species. Hence, these results show how dark-CPDs are formed in UVA irradiated melanocytes, and that FB acts as a potential antioxidant and ROS scavenger, preventing the DNA damage induced by sun exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb6a97c247684654b3132069d92fff91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb6a97c247684654b3132069d92fff912023-11-23T03:33:33ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-12-011012196110.3390/antiox10121961Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i>Mikel Portillo-Esnaola0Azahara Rodríguez-Luna1Jimena Nicolás-Morala2María Gallego-Rentero3María Villalba4Ángeles Juarranz5Salvador González6Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, SpainCantabria Labs, Innovation and Development, 28043 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, SpainCantabria Labs, Medical Affairs Department, 28043 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Alcalá de Henares University, 28805 Madrid, SpainExposure to sun and especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts well known detrimental effects on skin which are implicated in malignancy. UVR induces production of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), immediately during exposure and even hours after the exposure, these latter being called dark-CPDs, as consequence of the effects of different reactive species that are formed. Fernblock<sup>®</sup> (FB), an aqueous extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i>, has proven to have photoprotective and antioxidant effects on skin. The aim of our work was to investigate the potential photoprotective effect of FB against dark-CPD formation. Murine melanocytes (B16-F10) were exposed to UVA radiation and the production of dark-CPDs and different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) was measured. Significant dark-CPD formation could be seen at 3 h after UVA irradiation, which was inhibited by the pre-treatment of cells with FB. Formation of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite was increased after irradiation, consistent with the increased CPD formation. FB successfully reduced the production of these reactive species. Hence, these results show how dark-CPDs are formed in UVA irradiated melanocytes, and that FB acts as a potential antioxidant and ROS scavenger, preventing the DNA damage induced by sun exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/12/1961cyclobutane pyrimidine dimersdark cyclobutene pyrimidine dimersultraviolet radiation<i>Polypodium leucotomos</i>photoprotectionmelanocytes |
| spellingShingle | Mikel Portillo-Esnaola Azahara Rodríguez-Luna Jimena Nicolás-Morala María Gallego-Rentero María Villalba Ángeles Juarranz Salvador González Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> Antioxidants cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers dark cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers ultraviolet radiation <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> photoprotection melanocytes |
| title | Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> |
| title_full | Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> |
| title_fullStr | Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> |
| title_short | Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> |
| title_sort | formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers after uva exposure dark cpds is inhibited by an hydrophilic extract of i polypodium leucotomos i |
| topic | cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers dark cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers ultraviolet radiation <i>Polypodium leucotomos</i> photoprotection melanocytes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/12/1961 |
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