The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis
(1) Background: The amount of time nurses spend with their patients is essential to improving the quality of patient care. Studies have shown that nurses spend a considerable amount of time on a variety of activities––which are often not taken into account while estimating nurse-to-patient care time...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Healthcare |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/15/2216 |
| _version_ | 1797586781090086912 |
|---|---|
| author | Modi Al-Moteri Amer A. Alzahrani Ensherah Saeed Althobiti Virginia Plummer Afnan Z. Sahrah Maha Jabar Alkhaldi Eishah Fahad Rajab Amani R. Alsalmi Merhamah E. Abdullah Afra Ezeldeen Abduelaal Abduelazeez Mari-zel M. Caslangen Mariam G. Ismail Talal Awadh Alqurashi |
| author_facet | Modi Al-Moteri Amer A. Alzahrani Ensherah Saeed Althobiti Virginia Plummer Afnan Z. Sahrah Maha Jabar Alkhaldi Eishah Fahad Rajab Amani R. Alsalmi Merhamah E. Abdullah Afra Ezeldeen Abduelaal Abduelazeez Mari-zel M. Caslangen Mariam G. Ismail Talal Awadh Alqurashi |
| author_sort | Modi Al-Moteri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The amount of time nurses spend with their patients is essential to improving the quality of patient care. Studies have shown that nurses spend a considerable amount of time on a variety of activities––which are often not taken into account while estimating nurse-to-patient care time allocation––that could potentially be eliminated, combined or delegated with greater productivity. The current study aimed to calculate standard time for each activity category by quantifying the amount of time required by nurses to complete an activity category and determine the adjustment time that can be given during work, as well as determine factors that can be altered to improve the efficiency of nursing care on inpatient general wards of a governmental hospital. (2) Method: A time and motion study was conducted over two weeks using 1-to-1 continuous observations of nurses as they performed their duties on inpatient general wards, while observers recorded each single activity, and specifically the time and movements required to complete those activities. (3) Result: There was 5100 min of observations over 10 working days. Nurses spent 69% (330 min) of time during their 8 h morning shift on direct patient care, (19.4%) ward/room activities (18%), documentation (14%), indirect patient care (12%) and professional communication (5%). Around 94 min of activities seem to be wasted and can be potentially detrimental to nurses’ overall productivity and threaten patient care quality. The standard number of hours that represents the best estimate of a general ward nurse regarding the optimal speed at which the staff nurse can provide care related activities was computed and proposed. (4) Conclusions: The findings obtained from time–motion studies can help in developing more efficient and productive nursing work for more optimal care of patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:26:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb89b2a4b26b495b8116abb7815bcba1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:26:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb89b2a4b26b495b8116abb7815bcba12023-11-18T22:57:08ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322023-08-011115221610.3390/healthcare11152216The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion AnalysisModi Al-Moteri0Amer A. Alzahrani1Ensherah Saeed Althobiti2Virginia Plummer3Afnan Z. Sahrah4Maha Jabar Alkhaldi5Eishah Fahad Rajab6Amani R. Alsalmi7Merhamah E. Abdullah8Afra Ezeldeen Abduelaal Abduelazeez9Mari-zel M. Caslangen10Mariam G. Ismail11Talal Awadh Alqurashi12Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaInstitute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Berwick, VIC 3806, AustraliaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia(1) Background: The amount of time nurses spend with their patients is essential to improving the quality of patient care. Studies have shown that nurses spend a considerable amount of time on a variety of activities––which are often not taken into account while estimating nurse-to-patient care time allocation––that could potentially be eliminated, combined or delegated with greater productivity. The current study aimed to calculate standard time for each activity category by quantifying the amount of time required by nurses to complete an activity category and determine the adjustment time that can be given during work, as well as determine factors that can be altered to improve the efficiency of nursing care on inpatient general wards of a governmental hospital. (2) Method: A time and motion study was conducted over two weeks using 1-to-1 continuous observations of nurses as they performed their duties on inpatient general wards, while observers recorded each single activity, and specifically the time and movements required to complete those activities. (3) Result: There was 5100 min of observations over 10 working days. Nurses spent 69% (330 min) of time during their 8 h morning shift on direct patient care, (19.4%) ward/room activities (18%), documentation (14%), indirect patient care (12%) and professional communication (5%). Around 94 min of activities seem to be wasted and can be potentially detrimental to nurses’ overall productivity and threaten patient care quality. The standard number of hours that represents the best estimate of a general ward nurse regarding the optimal speed at which the staff nurse can provide care related activities was computed and proposed. (4) Conclusions: The findings obtained from time–motion studies can help in developing more efficient and productive nursing work for more optimal care of patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/15/2216motionnurseobservationtime |
| spellingShingle | Modi Al-Moteri Amer A. Alzahrani Ensherah Saeed Althobiti Virginia Plummer Afnan Z. Sahrah Maha Jabar Alkhaldi Eishah Fahad Rajab Amani R. Alsalmi Merhamah E. Abdullah Afra Ezeldeen Abduelaal Abduelazeez Mari-zel M. Caslangen Mariam G. Ismail Talal Awadh Alqurashi The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis Healthcare motion nurse observation time |
| title | The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis |
| title_full | The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis |
| title_short | The Road to Developing Standard Time for Efficient Nursing Care: A Time and Motion Analysis |
| title_sort | road to developing standard time for efficient nursing care a time and motion analysis |
| topic | motion nurse observation time |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/15/2216 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT modialmoteri theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT ameraalzahrani theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT ensherahsaeedalthobiti theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT virginiaplummer theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT afnanzsahrah theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT mahajabaralkhaldi theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT eishahfahadrajab theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT amaniralsalmi theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT merhamaheabdullah theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT afraezeldeenabduelaalabduelazeez theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT marizelmcaslangen theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT mariamgismail theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT talalawadhalqurashi theroadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT modialmoteri roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT ameraalzahrani roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT ensherahsaeedalthobiti roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT virginiaplummer roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT afnanzsahrah roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT mahajabaralkhaldi roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT eishahfahadrajab roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT amaniralsalmi roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT merhamaheabdullah roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT afraezeldeenabduelaalabduelazeez roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT marizelmcaslangen roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT mariamgismail roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis AT talalawadhalqurashi roadtodevelopingstandardtimeforefficientnursingcareatimeandmotionanalysis |