Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep
Abstract Background The nutrient availability of roughages could affect the dietary utilization efficiency of ruminants even in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. Here, we analyzed the bacterial composition and their metabolic pathways in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of Hu sheep fed with whe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02814-z |
| _version_ | 1797865444865998848 |
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| author | Yuqi Li Jian Gao Yihan Xue Ruolin Sun Xiaoni Sun Zhanying Sun Suozhu Liu Zhankun Tan Weiyun Zhu Yanfen Cheng |
| author_facet | Yuqi Li Jian Gao Yihan Xue Ruolin Sun Xiaoni Sun Zhanying Sun Suozhu Liu Zhankun Tan Weiyun Zhu Yanfen Cheng |
| author_sort | Yuqi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The nutrient availability of roughages could affect the dietary utilization efficiency of ruminants even in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. Here, we analyzed the bacterial composition and their metabolic pathways in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of Hu sheep fed with wheat straw (WS) instead of alfalfa (AL) in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets, trying to explore the reasons from the perspective of GITs bacterial network structure changes. Results We employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing in combination with the Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman correlation analysis, and other statistical methods to describe the microbiota composition in the GITs of Hu sheep. The results showed after the roughage was replaced from AL to WS, the most positive response occurred in the rumen microbiota, resulting in a more obvious microbiological and functional redundancy phenomenon. Whereas extended biogeographic studies of the GITs bacterial community found opposite results for the hindgut microbiota and metabolism networks compared to the forestomach. The abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Prevotella, Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group, and Treponema was significantly increased in GITs, but low-efficiency crude fiber degradation inhibited energy use efficiency, the pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, and volatile acid synthesis. In addition, dietary shifting from AL to WS decreased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as the Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group and Alistipes, thereby enhancing the underlying inflammatory response. Conclusions These findings suggest that feeding untreated WS affected the structure and function of the bacterial network in the GITs due to limited total digestible nutrients, and in particular increases the complexity of the rumen bacterial network, and limit the abundance of bacteria involved in the crude fiber degradation in the hindgut. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:08:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb8cd238c1b44896868b45409b8ec36a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:08:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb8cd238c1b44896868b45409b8ec36a2023-03-22T10:34:13ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802023-03-0123111310.1186/s12866-023-02814-zNutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheepYuqi Li0Jian Gao1Yihan Xue2Ruolin Sun3Xiaoni Sun4Zhanying Sun5Suozhu Liu6Zhankun Tan7Weiyun Zhu8Yanfen Cheng9Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research On Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background The nutrient availability of roughages could affect the dietary utilization efficiency of ruminants even in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. Here, we analyzed the bacterial composition and their metabolic pathways in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of Hu sheep fed with wheat straw (WS) instead of alfalfa (AL) in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets, trying to explore the reasons from the perspective of GITs bacterial network structure changes. Results We employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing in combination with the Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman correlation analysis, and other statistical methods to describe the microbiota composition in the GITs of Hu sheep. The results showed after the roughage was replaced from AL to WS, the most positive response occurred in the rumen microbiota, resulting in a more obvious microbiological and functional redundancy phenomenon. Whereas extended biogeographic studies of the GITs bacterial community found opposite results for the hindgut microbiota and metabolism networks compared to the forestomach. The abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Prevotella, Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group, and Treponema was significantly increased in GITs, but low-efficiency crude fiber degradation inhibited energy use efficiency, the pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, and volatile acid synthesis. In addition, dietary shifting from AL to WS decreased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as the Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group and Alistipes, thereby enhancing the underlying inflammatory response. Conclusions These findings suggest that feeding untreated WS affected the structure and function of the bacterial network in the GITs due to limited total digestible nutrients, and in particular increases the complexity of the rumen bacterial network, and limit the abundance of bacteria involved in the crude fiber degradation in the hindgut.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02814-zWheat strawRoughageGastrointestinal tractHu sheepMicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Yuqi Li Jian Gao Yihan Xue Ruolin Sun Xiaoni Sun Zhanying Sun Suozhu Liu Zhankun Tan Weiyun Zhu Yanfen Cheng Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep BMC Microbiology Wheat straw Roughage Gastrointestinal tract Hu sheep Microbiota |
| title | Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep |
| title_full | Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep |
| title_fullStr | Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep |
| title_short | Nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep |
| title_sort | nutrient availability of roughages in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets alters the bacterial networks in the whole gastrointestinal tract of hu sheep |
| topic | Wheat straw Roughage Gastrointestinal tract Hu sheep Microbiota |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02814-z |
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