Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications
The ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly biocomposites for use in various engineering applications requires a strong understanding of these materials properties, especially in automotive applications. This study focused on investigating how the stacking sequence and fibre orientation...
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| Fformat: | Erthygl |
| Iaith: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Cyfres: | Fibers |
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| Mynediad Ar-lein: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/8/10/64 |
| _version_ | 1827704731832680448 |
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| author | George Fairlie James Njuguna |
| author_facet | George Fairlie James Njuguna |
| author_sort | George Fairlie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly biocomposites for use in various engineering applications requires a strong understanding of these materials properties, especially in automotive applications. This study focused on investigating how the stacking sequence and fibre orientation impacts the damping properties of hybrid flax/carbon fibre-reinforced composites. Different hybrid carbon fibre/flax fibre-reinforced composites using epoxy resin as the matrix were manufactured using vacuum-assisted resin infusion moulding technique. Each composite material was then tested for tensile properties using a universal testing machine, and the damping experiment was conducted using an impulse hammer and a Laser Doppler Vibrometer. The tensile study found out that adding a flax layer to the external layers of carbon fibre laminate reduced Young’s modulus by 28% for one layer and 45% for two layers. It was noted that when the fibre orientation of the internal layer of [C/F2/C]s was replaced with two ±45° layers, this had a very little effect on Young’s modulus but reduced the ultimate tensile strength by 61%. This experimental study also showed that the most important layer when it comes to damping properties is the external layers. By adding an external flax layer into an epoxy/carbon fibre-reinforced composite considerably enhanced its damping ratio by 53.6% and by adding two layers increased it by 94%. The results indicated a high potential for the automotive semi-structural applications to improve damping properties of the vehicle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:47:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fb99a0f5ebe54581921730315f74dcb8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6439 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:47:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fibers |
| spelling | doaj.art-fb99a0f5ebe54581921730315f74dcb82023-11-20T16:23:21ZengMDPI AGFibers2079-64392020-10-018106410.3390/fib8100064Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural ApplicationsGeorge Fairlie0James Njuguna1Centre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, UKCentre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, UKThe ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly biocomposites for use in various engineering applications requires a strong understanding of these materials properties, especially in automotive applications. This study focused on investigating how the stacking sequence and fibre orientation impacts the damping properties of hybrid flax/carbon fibre-reinforced composites. Different hybrid carbon fibre/flax fibre-reinforced composites using epoxy resin as the matrix were manufactured using vacuum-assisted resin infusion moulding technique. Each composite material was then tested for tensile properties using a universal testing machine, and the damping experiment was conducted using an impulse hammer and a Laser Doppler Vibrometer. The tensile study found out that adding a flax layer to the external layers of carbon fibre laminate reduced Young’s modulus by 28% for one layer and 45% for two layers. It was noted that when the fibre orientation of the internal layer of [C/F2/C]s was replaced with two ±45° layers, this had a very little effect on Young’s modulus but reduced the ultimate tensile strength by 61%. This experimental study also showed that the most important layer when it comes to damping properties is the external layers. By adding an external flax layer into an epoxy/carbon fibre-reinforced composite considerably enhanced its damping ratio by 53.6% and by adding two layers increased it by 94%. The results indicated a high potential for the automotive semi-structural applications to improve damping properties of the vehicle.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/8/10/64flax fibrecarbon fibreepoxybiocompositeshybrid compositesepoxy/fibre-reinforced composites |
| spellingShingle | George Fairlie James Njuguna Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications Fibers flax fibre carbon fibre epoxy biocomposites hybrid composites epoxy/fibre-reinforced composites |
| title | Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications |
| title_full | Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications |
| title_fullStr | Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications |
| title_short | Damping Properties of Flax/Carbon Hybrid Epoxy/Fibre-Reinforced Composites for Automotive Semi-Structural Applications |
| title_sort | damping properties of flax carbon hybrid epoxy fibre reinforced composites for automotive semi structural applications |
| topic | flax fibre carbon fibre epoxy biocomposites hybrid composites epoxy/fibre-reinforced composites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/8/10/64 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT georgefairlie dampingpropertiesofflaxcarbonhybridepoxyfibrereinforcedcompositesforautomotivesemistructuralapplications AT jamesnjuguna dampingpropertiesofflaxcarbonhybridepoxyfibrereinforcedcompositesforautomotivesemistructuralapplications |