Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System
COVID-19 has shown significant morbidity with the involvement of multiple systems, including the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular manifestations in the acute phase can include myocardial injury itself, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolic events, myocarditis, Takotsubo syndrome, and dif...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/8/10/128 |
| _version_ | 1797514281095266304 |
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| author | Victor Arévalos Luis Ortega-Paz Juan José Rodríguez-Arias Margarita Calvo López Leticia Castrillo-Golvano Anthony Salazar-Rodríguez Marta Sabaté-Tormos Francesco Spione Manel Sabaté Salvatore Brugaletta |
| author_facet | Victor Arévalos Luis Ortega-Paz Juan José Rodríguez-Arias Margarita Calvo López Leticia Castrillo-Golvano Anthony Salazar-Rodríguez Marta Sabaté-Tormos Francesco Spione Manel Sabaté Salvatore Brugaletta |
| author_sort | Victor Arévalos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | COVID-19 has shown significant morbidity with the involvement of multiple systems, including the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular manifestations in the acute phase can include myocardial injury itself, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolic events, myocarditis, Takotsubo syndrome, and different arrhythmic events. Myocardial injury defined by the rise of cardiac biomarkers in blood has been found in multiple studies with a prevalence of about 20%. Its presence is related to worse clinical outcomes and in-hospital mortality. The mechanisms of myocardial injury have been the subject of intense research but still need to be clarified. The characterization of the cardiac affectation with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance has found mixed results in different studies, with a striking incidence of imaging criteria for myocarditis. Regarding post-acute and chronic follow-up results, the persistence of symptoms and imaging changes in recovered COVID-19 patients has raised concerns about the duration and the possible significance of these findings. Even though the knowledge about this disease has increased incredibly in the last year, many aspects are still unclear and warrant further research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:29:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fbb76a357a5e41ea80f8ebf4c9477db9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:29:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbb76a357a5e41ea80f8ebf4c9477db92023-11-22T18:40:27ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252021-10-0181012810.3390/jcdd8100128Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular SystemVictor Arévalos0Luis Ortega-Paz1Juan José Rodríguez-Arias2Margarita Calvo López3Leticia Castrillo-Golvano4Anthony Salazar-Rodríguez5Marta Sabaté-Tormos6Francesco Spione7Manel Sabaté8Salvatore Brugaletta9Department of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Medicine, Medical School, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Clinic Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, SpainCOVID-19 has shown significant morbidity with the involvement of multiple systems, including the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular manifestations in the acute phase can include myocardial injury itself, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolic events, myocarditis, Takotsubo syndrome, and different arrhythmic events. Myocardial injury defined by the rise of cardiac biomarkers in blood has been found in multiple studies with a prevalence of about 20%. Its presence is related to worse clinical outcomes and in-hospital mortality. The mechanisms of myocardial injury have been the subject of intense research but still need to be clarified. The characterization of the cardiac affectation with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance has found mixed results in different studies, with a striking incidence of imaging criteria for myocarditis. Regarding post-acute and chronic follow-up results, the persistence of symptoms and imaging changes in recovered COVID-19 patients has raised concerns about the duration and the possible significance of these findings. Even though the knowledge about this disease has increased incredibly in the last year, many aspects are still unclear and warrant further research.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/8/10/128coronavirus disease 2019SARS-CoV-2myocardial injurymyocarditismyocardial infarctionpulmonary embolism |
| spellingShingle | Victor Arévalos Luis Ortega-Paz Juan José Rodríguez-Arias Margarita Calvo López Leticia Castrillo-Golvano Anthony Salazar-Rodríguez Marta Sabaté-Tormos Francesco Spione Manel Sabaté Salvatore Brugaletta Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 myocardial injury myocarditis myocardial infarction pulmonary embolism |
| title | Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System |
| title_full | Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System |
| title_fullStr | Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System |
| title_short | Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System |
| title_sort | acute and chronic effects of covid 19 on the cardiovascular system |
| topic | coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 myocardial injury myocarditis myocardial infarction pulmonary embolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/8/10/128 |
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