Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel)
<i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (sea fennel), an edible xerophyte of coastal habitats, is considered an emerging cash crop for biosaline agriculture due to its salt-tolerance ability and potential applications in the agri-food sector. Here, the nutritional value and bioactive properties of...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/427 |
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| author | Iris Correia Madalena Antunes Carla Tecelão Marta Neves Cristiana L. Pires Pedro F. Cruz Maria Rodrigues Claúdia C. Peralta Cidália D. Pereira Fernando Reboredo Maria João Moreno Rui M. M. Brito Vânia S. Ribeiro Daniela C. Vaz Maria Jorge Campos |
| author_facet | Iris Correia Madalena Antunes Carla Tecelão Marta Neves Cristiana L. Pires Pedro F. Cruz Maria Rodrigues Claúdia C. Peralta Cidália D. Pereira Fernando Reboredo Maria João Moreno Rui M. M. Brito Vânia S. Ribeiro Daniela C. Vaz Maria Jorge Campos |
| author_sort | Iris Correia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (sea fennel), an edible xerophyte of coastal habitats, is considered an emerging cash crop for biosaline agriculture due to its salt-tolerance ability and potential applications in the agri-food sector. Here, the nutritional value and bioactive properties of sea fennel are described. Sea fennel leaves, flowers, and schizocarps are composed of carbohydrates (>65%) followed by ash, proteins, and lipids. Sea fennel’s salty, succulent leaves are a source of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid. Extracts obtained from flowers and fruits/schizocarps are rich in antioxidants and polyphenols and show antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermis</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>. Plant material is particularly rich in sodium (Na) but also in other nutritionally relevant minerals, such as calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), beyond presenting a potential prebiotic effect on <i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i> and being nontoxic to human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 model cells, up to 1.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>). Hence, the rational use of sea fennel can bring nutrients, aroma, and flavor to culinary dishes while balancing microbiomes and contributing to expanding the shelf life of food products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:51:19Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:51:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbd3204ff8504e4d9c0916ec3d4d8bd92024-02-09T15:20:28ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-01-0113342710.3390/plants13030427Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel)Iris Correia0Madalena Antunes1Carla Tecelão2Marta Neves3Cristiana L. Pires4Pedro F. Cruz5Maria Rodrigues6Claúdia C. Peralta7Cidália D. Pereira8Fernando Reboredo9Maria João Moreno10Rui M. M. Brito11Vânia S. Ribeiro12Daniela C. Vaz13Maria Jorge Campos14Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, PortugalMarine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, PortugalMarine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, PortugalMarine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering–Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), ESTG-IPLeiria, 2411-901 Leiria, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalSchool of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, PortugalGeoBioTec, FCT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering–Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), ESTG-IPLeiria, 2411-901 Leiria, PortugalCoimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, PortugalMarine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal<i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (sea fennel), an edible xerophyte of coastal habitats, is considered an emerging cash crop for biosaline agriculture due to its salt-tolerance ability and potential applications in the agri-food sector. Here, the nutritional value and bioactive properties of sea fennel are described. Sea fennel leaves, flowers, and schizocarps are composed of carbohydrates (>65%) followed by ash, proteins, and lipids. Sea fennel’s salty, succulent leaves are a source of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid. Extracts obtained from flowers and fruits/schizocarps are rich in antioxidants and polyphenols and show antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermis</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>. Plant material is particularly rich in sodium (Na) but also in other nutritionally relevant minerals, such as calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), beyond presenting a potential prebiotic effect on <i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i> and being nontoxic to human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 model cells, up to 1.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>). Hence, the rational use of sea fennel can bring nutrients, aroma, and flavor to culinary dishes while balancing microbiomes and contributing to expanding the shelf life of food products.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/427<i>Crithmum maritimum</i>sea fennelhalophytecentesimal compositionantioxidant capacitypolyphenolic content |
| spellingShingle | Iris Correia Madalena Antunes Carla Tecelão Marta Neves Cristiana L. Pires Pedro F. Cruz Maria Rodrigues Claúdia C. Peralta Cidália D. Pereira Fernando Reboredo Maria João Moreno Rui M. M. Brito Vânia S. Ribeiro Daniela C. Vaz Maria Jorge Campos Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) Plants <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> sea fennel halophyte centesimal composition antioxidant capacity polyphenolic content |
| title | Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) |
| title_full | Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) |
| title_fullStr | Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) |
| title_short | Nutritive Value and Bioactivities of a Halophyte Edible Plant: <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> L. (Sea Fennel) |
| title_sort | nutritive value and bioactivities of a halophyte edible plant i crithmum maritimum i l sea fennel |
| topic | <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> sea fennel halophyte centesimal composition antioxidant capacity polyphenolic content |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/3/427 |
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