Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic
The nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/19/4972 |
| _version_ | 1797516757175369728 |
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| author | Sanjeev Kumar Allegra Freelander Elgene Lim |
| author_facet | Sanjeev Kumar Allegra Freelander Elgene Lim |
| author_sort | Sanjeev Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in all major subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen receptor α (ER), and anti-estrogenic therapies remain the backbone of treatment, leading to clinically impactful improvements in patient outcomes. This serves as a blueprint for the development of therapies targeting other nuclear receptors. More recently, pivotal findings into modulating the progesterone (PR) and androgen receptors (AR), with accompanying mechanistic insights into NR crosstalk and interactions with other proliferative pathways, have led to clinical trials in all of the major breast cancer subtypes. A growing body of evidence now supports targeting other Type 1 nuclear receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as Type 2 NRs such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we reviewed the existing preclinical insights into nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer, with a focus on Type 1 NRs. We also discussed the potential to translate these findings into improving patient outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:05:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fbe71863eacb4a14a51d9ec9cdac258e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:05:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbe71863eacb4a14a51d9ec9cdac258e2023-11-22T15:55:07ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-10-011319497210.3390/cancers13194972Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the ClinicSanjeev Kumar0Allegra Freelander1Elgene Lim2Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, AustraliaFaculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, AustraliaFaculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst 2010, AustraliaThe nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in all major subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen receptor α (ER), and anti-estrogenic therapies remain the backbone of treatment, leading to clinically impactful improvements in patient outcomes. This serves as a blueprint for the development of therapies targeting other nuclear receptors. More recently, pivotal findings into modulating the progesterone (PR) and androgen receptors (AR), with accompanying mechanistic insights into NR crosstalk and interactions with other proliferative pathways, have led to clinical trials in all of the major breast cancer subtypes. A growing body of evidence now supports targeting other Type 1 nuclear receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as Type 2 NRs such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we reviewed the existing preclinical insights into nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer, with a focus on Type 1 NRs. We also discussed the potential to translate these findings into improving patient outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/19/4972nuclear receptorsteroid hormoneoestrogenprogesteroneandrogenglucocorticoid |
| spellingShingle | Sanjeev Kumar Allegra Freelander Elgene Lim Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic Cancers nuclear receptor steroid hormone oestrogen progesterone androgen glucocorticoid |
| title | Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic |
| title_full | Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic |
| title_fullStr | Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic |
| title_short | Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic |
| title_sort | type 1 nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer translating preclinical insights to the clinic |
| topic | nuclear receptor steroid hormone oestrogen progesterone androgen glucocorticoid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/19/4972 |
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