Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes
Two alternative physical adaptations of freshwater-aquaculture farmers were observed along the upstream Bangpakong Watershed, Thailand. First was the modification of aquaculture types: (1) completely changing former species to others; (2) mixing freshwater prawn with current cultured species; (3) mi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mahidol University
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/246143/166998 |
| _version_ | 1818269701064622080 |
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| author | Anawach Saithong Suvaluck Satumanatpan Kamalaporn Kanongdate Thiyada Piyawongnarat Poonyawee Srisantear |
| author_facet | Anawach Saithong Suvaluck Satumanatpan Kamalaporn Kanongdate Thiyada Piyawongnarat Poonyawee Srisantear |
| author_sort | Anawach Saithong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two alternative physical adaptations of freshwater-aquaculture farmers were observed along the upstream Bangpakong Watershed, Thailand. First was the modification of aquaculture types: (1) completely changing former species to others; (2) mixing freshwater prawn with current cultured species; (3) mixing fish with L. vannamei, and second was the direct reaction to environmental changes, including adding freshwater into cultured ponds to reduce temperature and dilute salt concentration; modifying pond-depth; aeration application; and reducing the amount of food or net covering on the water surface during flooding. Principal component analysis revealed that four key components (Options, Learning, Competitiveness, and Plan) reflected the perceived adaptive capacity of farmers to environmental changes. However, culture types have no significant effect on these four components. Farmers with an alternative source of income and practicing monoculture fish farming tend to have a greater ability to change occupation. Old age and more extended experience in aquaculture indicated a low ability to change occupation. The well-educated farmers and farmers who preferred to pass on aquaculture occupation to their children showed higher ability to learn and adapt, but this is not the case for older farmers. Thus, understanding the adaptations of the farmers may assist in promoting appropriate development programs based on their contexts as well as helping decision-makers to have a better plan for strengthening their adaptive capacities based on their perceptions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:58:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fbea3ade65314eea93b97d7dd8ee4f52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1686-5456 2408-2384 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:58:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Mahidol University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbea3ade65314eea93b97d7dd8ee4f522022-12-22T00:12:14ZengMahidol UniversityEnvironment and Natural Resources Journal1686-54562408-23842022-04-0120328829610.32526/ennrj/20/202100217Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental ChangesAnawach Saithong0Suvaluck Satumanatpan1Kamalaporn Kanongdate2Thiyada Piyawongnarat3Poonyawee Srisantear4United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Building, Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand Research, Innovation and Partnership Office, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, ThailandFoundation for Environmental Education for Sustainable Development (Thailand), Bangkok 10900, ThailandTwo alternative physical adaptations of freshwater-aquaculture farmers were observed along the upstream Bangpakong Watershed, Thailand. First was the modification of aquaculture types: (1) completely changing former species to others; (2) mixing freshwater prawn with current cultured species; (3) mixing fish with L. vannamei, and second was the direct reaction to environmental changes, including adding freshwater into cultured ponds to reduce temperature and dilute salt concentration; modifying pond-depth; aeration application; and reducing the amount of food or net covering on the water surface during flooding. Principal component analysis revealed that four key components (Options, Learning, Competitiveness, and Plan) reflected the perceived adaptive capacity of farmers to environmental changes. However, culture types have no significant effect on these four components. Farmers with an alternative source of income and practicing monoculture fish farming tend to have a greater ability to change occupation. Old age and more extended experience in aquaculture indicated a low ability to change occupation. The well-educated farmers and farmers who preferred to pass on aquaculture occupation to their children showed higher ability to learn and adapt, but this is not the case for older farmers. Thus, understanding the adaptations of the farmers may assist in promoting appropriate development programs based on their contexts as well as helping decision-makers to have a better plan for strengthening their adaptive capacities based on their perceptions.https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/246143/166998adaptationperceptionaquaculture satisfactionfreshwater farmersthailand |
| spellingShingle | Anawach Saithong Suvaluck Satumanatpan Kamalaporn Kanongdate Thiyada Piyawongnarat Poonyawee Srisantear Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes Environment and Natural Resources Journal adaptation perception aquaculture satisfaction freshwater farmers thailand |
| title | Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes |
| title_full | Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes |
| title_fullStr | Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes |
| title_short | Adaptiveness to Enhance the Sustainability of Freshwater-Aquaculture Farmers to the Environmental Changes |
| title_sort | adaptiveness to enhance the sustainability of freshwater aquaculture farmers to the environmental changes |
| topic | adaptation perception aquaculture satisfaction freshwater farmers thailand |
| url | https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/246143/166998 |
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