Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment
Aloesin is an aromatic chromone with increasing applications in the cosmetic and health food industries. To optimize its extraction from the <i>Aloe vera</i> leaf rind, the independent variables time (10–210 min), temperature (25–95 °C) and organic solvent composition (0–100%, <i>w...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/951 |
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| author | Mikel Añibarro-Ortega José Pinela Ana Ćirić Elsa Lopes Adriana K. Molina Ricardo C. Calhelha Marina Soković Olga Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros |
| author_facet | Mikel Añibarro-Ortega José Pinela Ana Ćirić Elsa Lopes Adriana K. Molina Ricardo C. Calhelha Marina Soković Olga Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros |
| author_sort | Mikel Añibarro-Ortega |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aloesin is an aromatic chromone with increasing applications in the cosmetic and health food industries. To optimize its extraction from the <i>Aloe vera</i> leaf rind, the independent variables time (10–210 min), temperature (25–95 °C) and organic solvent composition (0–100%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) were combined in a central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. The solvents consisted of binary mixtures of water with ethanol, propylene glycol, or glycerol. The aloesin levels quantified in each extract were used as response for optimization. The theoretical models were fitted to the experimental data, statistically validated, and used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Then, a dose–response analysis of the solid/liquid ratio (<i>S</i>/<i>L</i>) was performed under the optimal conditions determined for each alcohol–water system and revealed that a linear improvement in extraction efficiency can be achieved by increasing the <i>S</i>/<i>L</i> ratio by up to 40 g/L. This analysis also allowed to experimentally validate the predictive models. Furthermore, the aloesin-rich extracts revealed antioxidant activity through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation inhibition, antimicrobial effects against bacterial and fungal strains, and no toxicity for PLP2 cells. Overall, this study provided optimal extraction conditions for the recovery of aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> rind through an eco-friendly extraction process and highlighted its bioactive potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:56Z |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbea3f1c34a24ab7b602590ed5dc865b2023-11-22T17:27:25ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-09-01101095110.3390/biology10100951Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity AssessmentMikel Añibarro-Ortega0José Pinela1Ana Ćirić2Elsa Lopes3Adriana K. Molina4Ricardo C. Calhelha5Marina Soković6Olga Ferreira7Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira8Lillian Barros9Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalInstitute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaaCourela do Alentejo, Garro Pinheiro de Baixo CCI3, Varche, 7350-422 Elvas, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalInstitute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalAloesin is an aromatic chromone with increasing applications in the cosmetic and health food industries. To optimize its extraction from the <i>Aloe vera</i> leaf rind, the independent variables time (10–210 min), temperature (25–95 °C) and organic solvent composition (0–100%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) were combined in a central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. The solvents consisted of binary mixtures of water with ethanol, propylene glycol, or glycerol. The aloesin levels quantified in each extract were used as response for optimization. The theoretical models were fitted to the experimental data, statistically validated, and used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Then, a dose–response analysis of the solid/liquid ratio (<i>S</i>/<i>L</i>) was performed under the optimal conditions determined for each alcohol–water system and revealed that a linear improvement in extraction efficiency can be achieved by increasing the <i>S</i>/<i>L</i> ratio by up to 40 g/L. This analysis also allowed to experimentally validate the predictive models. Furthermore, the aloesin-rich extracts revealed antioxidant activity through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation inhibition, antimicrobial effects against bacterial and fungal strains, and no toxicity for PLP2 cells. Overall, this study provided optimal extraction conditions for the recovery of aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> rind through an eco-friendly extraction process and highlighted its bioactive potential.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/951aloesin<i>Aloe vera</i> green rindprocess optimizationaqueous glycolic solventsantioxidant activityantimicrobial activity |
| spellingShingle | Mikel Añibarro-Ortega José Pinela Ana Ćirić Elsa Lopes Adriana K. Molina Ricardo C. Calhelha Marina Soković Olga Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment Biology aloesin <i>Aloe vera</i> green rind process optimization aqueous glycolic solvents antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity |
| title | Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment |
| title_full | Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment |
| title_short | Extraction of Aloesin from <i>Aloe vera</i> Rind Using Alternative Green Solvents: Process Optimization and Biological Activity Assessment |
| title_sort | extraction of aloesin from i aloe vera i rind using alternative green solvents process optimization and biological activity assessment |
| topic | aloesin <i>Aloe vera</i> green rind process optimization aqueous glycolic solvents antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/951 |
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