Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways
Obesity is defined as a condition of excessive fat tissue accumulation. It was the major factor most closely associated with lifestyle-related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of astaxanthin on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3T3-L1 adipocytes wer...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/16/3598 |
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| author | Mei-Chih Tsai Shih-Chien Huang Wei-Tang Chang Shiuan-Chih Chen Chin-Lin Hsu |
| author_facet | Mei-Chih Tsai Shih-Chien Huang Wei-Tang Chang Shiuan-Chih Chen Chin-Lin Hsu |
| author_sort | Mei-Chih Tsai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is defined as a condition of excessive fat tissue accumulation. It was the major factor most closely associated with lifestyle-related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of astaxanthin on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0–25 µg/mL of astaxanthin for 0–48 h. The result indicated that astaxanthin significantly decreased the oil Red O stained material (OROSM), intracellular triglyceride accumulation, and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the molecular level, astaxanthin significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of <i>peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ</i> (<i>PPARγ</i>) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, target genes of <i>PPARγ</i> on the inhibition of lipogenesis, such as <i>Acetyl-CoA carboxylase</i> (<i>ACC</i>), <i>fatty acid synthase</i> (<i>FAS</i>), <i>fatty acid binding protein</i> (<i>aP2</i>), <i>cluster of differentiation 36</i> (<i>CD36</i>), and <i>lipoprotein lipase</i> (<i>LPL</i>) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were significantly down-regulated at a time-dependent manner (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These results suggested that astaxanthin efficiently suppressed lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and its action is associated with the down-regulation of lipogenesis-related genes and the triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Therefore, astaxanthin can be developed as a potential nutraceutical ingredient for the prevention of obesity in a niche market. |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:49:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbf312516d174ea490b4eb9da0a95bf82023-11-20T09:26:40ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-08-012516359810.3390/molecules25163598Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport PathwaysMei-Chih Tsai0Shih-Chien Huang1Wei-Tang Chang2Shiuan-Chih Chen3Chin-Lin Hsu4Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanDepartment of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanDepartment of Nutrition and Health Nutrition, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, TaiwanInstitute of Medicine and School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanDepartment of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanObesity is defined as a condition of excessive fat tissue accumulation. It was the major factor most closely associated with lifestyle-related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of astaxanthin on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0–25 µg/mL of astaxanthin for 0–48 h. The result indicated that astaxanthin significantly decreased the oil Red O stained material (OROSM), intracellular triglyceride accumulation, and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the molecular level, astaxanthin significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of <i>peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ</i> (<i>PPARγ</i>) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, target genes of <i>PPARγ</i> on the inhibition of lipogenesis, such as <i>Acetyl-CoA carboxylase</i> (<i>ACC</i>), <i>fatty acid synthase</i> (<i>FAS</i>), <i>fatty acid binding protein</i> (<i>aP2</i>), <i>cluster of differentiation 36</i> (<i>CD36</i>), and <i>lipoprotein lipase</i> (<i>LPL</i>) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were significantly down-regulated at a time-dependent manner (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These results suggested that astaxanthin efficiently suppressed lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and its action is associated with the down-regulation of lipogenesis-related genes and the triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Therefore, astaxanthin can be developed as a potential nutraceutical ingredient for the prevention of obesity in a niche market.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/16/3598astaxanthin3T3-L1 adipocyteslipogenesisgene expression |
| spellingShingle | Mei-Chih Tsai Shih-Chien Huang Wei-Tang Chang Shiuan-Chih Chen Chin-Lin Hsu Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways Molecules astaxanthin 3T3-L1 adipocytes lipogenesis gene expression |
| title | Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways |
| title_full | Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways |
| title_short | Effect of Astaxanthin on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Modulation of Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Transport Pathways |
| title_sort | effect of astaxanthin on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3t3 l1 adipocytes via modulation of lipogenesis and fatty acid transport pathways |
| topic | astaxanthin 3T3-L1 adipocytes lipogenesis gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/16/3598 |
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