Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review
This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment concerning alkali activation of natural stone wastes and minerals. In particular, the structure of the review is divided into two main sections in which the works dealing with alumino-silicate and carbonatic stones are discussed, respectively. A...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/10/2284 |
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| author | Bartolomeo Coppola Jean-Marc Tulliani Paola Antonaci Paola Palmero |
| author_facet | Bartolomeo Coppola Jean-Marc Tulliani Paola Antonaci Paola Palmero |
| author_sort | Bartolomeo Coppola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment concerning alkali activation of natural stone wastes and minerals. In particular, the structure of the review is divided into two main sections in which the works dealing with alumino-silicate and carbonatic stones are discussed, respectively. Alumino-silicate stones are generally composed of quartz and feldspars, while carbonatic stones are mainly made of calcite and dolomite. The role of these minerals in the alkali activation process is discussed, attesting their influence in the development of the final product properties. In most of the works, authors use mineral additions only as fillers or aggregates and, in some cases, as a partial substitution of more traditional raw powders, such as metakaolin, fly ash, and granulated blast furnace slag. However, a few works in which alumino-silicate and carbonatic stone wastes are used as the main active components are discussed as well. Not only the raw materials, but also the entire alkali activation process and the curing conditions adopted in the literature studies here reviewed are systematically analyzed to improve the understanding of their effect on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of the final products and to eventually foster the reuse of natural stone wastes for the purposes of sustainability in different applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:49:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fbf7f980642f4fb2ba6a93ce07faa383 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:49:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbf7f980642f4fb2ba6a93ce07faa3832023-11-20T00:35:31ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-05-011310228410.3390/ma13102284Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A ReviewBartolomeo Coppola0Jean-Marc Tulliani1Paola Antonaci2Paola Palmero3INSTM R.U. Lince Laboratory, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyINSTM R.U. Lince Laboratory, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyINSTM R.U. Lince Laboratory, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyThis review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment concerning alkali activation of natural stone wastes and minerals. In particular, the structure of the review is divided into two main sections in which the works dealing with alumino-silicate and carbonatic stones are discussed, respectively. Alumino-silicate stones are generally composed of quartz and feldspars, while carbonatic stones are mainly made of calcite and dolomite. The role of these minerals in the alkali activation process is discussed, attesting their influence in the development of the final product properties. In most of the works, authors use mineral additions only as fillers or aggregates and, in some cases, as a partial substitution of more traditional raw powders, such as metakaolin, fly ash, and granulated blast furnace slag. However, a few works in which alumino-silicate and carbonatic stone wastes are used as the main active components are discussed as well. Not only the raw materials, but also the entire alkali activation process and the curing conditions adopted in the literature studies here reviewed are systematically analyzed to improve the understanding of their effect on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of the final products and to eventually foster the reuse of natural stone wastes for the purposes of sustainability in different applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/10/2284alkali activationgeopolymerstone wastestonemineralsalumino-silicate |
| spellingShingle | Bartolomeo Coppola Jean-Marc Tulliani Paola Antonaci Paola Palmero Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review Materials alkali activation geopolymer stone waste stone minerals alumino-silicate |
| title | Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review |
| title_full | Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review |
| title_short | Role of Natural Stone Wastes and Minerals in the Alkali Activation Process: A Review |
| title_sort | role of natural stone wastes and minerals in the alkali activation process a review |
| topic | alkali activation geopolymer stone waste stone minerals alumino-silicate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/10/2284 |
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