Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players
Abstract We aimed to investigate acute changes before and after low-intensity continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction (BFR) deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation characteristics and fatigue level under suitable individual arterial occlusion pressure (AOP). Twelve elite male handb...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44523-7 |
| _version_ | 1797630208225837056 |
|---|---|
| author | Yan Wang Zhiyuan Li Che Tongtong Wenjuan Zhang Xiaoxiao Li |
| author_facet | Yan Wang Zhiyuan Li Che Tongtong Wenjuan Zhang Xiaoxiao Li |
| author_sort | Yan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We aimed to investigate acute changes before and after low-intensity continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction (BFR) deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation characteristics and fatigue level under suitable individual arterial occlusion pressure (AOP). Twelve elite male handball players were recruited. Continuous (Program 1) and intermittent (Program 2) BFR deep-squat training was performed with 30% one-repetition maximum load. Program 1 did not include decompression during the intervals, while Program 2 contained decompression during each interval. Electromyography (EMG) was performed before and after two BFR training programs in each period. EMG signals of the quadriceps femoris, posterior femoral muscles, and gluteus maximus, including the root mean square (RMS) and normalized RMS and median frequency (MF) values of each muscle group under maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), before and after training were calculated. The RMS value under MVC (RMSMVC) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and gluteus maximus (GM) decreased after continuous and intermittent BFR training programs, and those of the biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (SEM) increased; The RMS standard values of the VL, BF, and SEM were significantly increased after continuous and intermittent BFR training (P < 0.05), The RMS value of GM significantly decreased after cuff inflating (P < 0.05). The MF values of RF, VM, VL, and GM decreased significantly after continuous BFR training (P < 0.05). Continuous BFR deep-squat training applied at 50% AOP was more effective than the intermittent BFR training program. Continuous application of BFR induces greater levels of acute fatigue than intermittent BFR that may translate into greater muscular training adaptations over time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:04:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fbf7fa47db2f46a0b50eade325cf89e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:04:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-fbf7fa47db2f46a0b50eade325cf89e12023-11-12T12:18:43ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113111010.1038/s41598-023-44523-7Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball playersYan Wang0Zhiyuan Li1Che Tongtong2Wenjuan Zhang3Xiaoxiao Li4Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research, Fuzhou UniversityDepartment of Public Physical and Art Education, Zhejiang UniversitySchool of Physical Education, Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Military Theory, Fuzhou UniversityDepartment of Military Theory, Fuzhou UniversityAbstract We aimed to investigate acute changes before and after low-intensity continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction (BFR) deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation characteristics and fatigue level under suitable individual arterial occlusion pressure (AOP). Twelve elite male handball players were recruited. Continuous (Program 1) and intermittent (Program 2) BFR deep-squat training was performed with 30% one-repetition maximum load. Program 1 did not include decompression during the intervals, while Program 2 contained decompression during each interval. Electromyography (EMG) was performed before and after two BFR training programs in each period. EMG signals of the quadriceps femoris, posterior femoral muscles, and gluteus maximus, including the root mean square (RMS) and normalized RMS and median frequency (MF) values of each muscle group under maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), before and after training were calculated. The RMS value under MVC (RMSMVC) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and gluteus maximus (GM) decreased after continuous and intermittent BFR training programs, and those of the biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (SEM) increased; The RMS standard values of the VL, BF, and SEM were significantly increased after continuous and intermittent BFR training (P < 0.05), The RMS value of GM significantly decreased after cuff inflating (P < 0.05). The MF values of RF, VM, VL, and GM decreased significantly after continuous BFR training (P < 0.05). Continuous BFR deep-squat training applied at 50% AOP was more effective than the intermittent BFR training program. Continuous application of BFR induces greater levels of acute fatigue than intermittent BFR that may translate into greater muscular training adaptations over time.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44523-7 |
| spellingShingle | Yan Wang Zhiyuan Li Che Tongtong Wenjuan Zhang Xiaoxiao Li Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players Scientific Reports |
| title | Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| title_full | Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| title_fullStr | Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| title_short | Effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep-squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| title_sort | effect of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction deep squat training on thigh muscle activation and fatigue levels in male handball players |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44523-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanwang effectofcontinuousandintermittentbloodflowrestrictiondeepsquattrainingonthighmuscleactivationandfatiguelevelsinmalehandballplayers AT zhiyuanli effectofcontinuousandintermittentbloodflowrestrictiondeepsquattrainingonthighmuscleactivationandfatiguelevelsinmalehandballplayers AT chetongtong effectofcontinuousandintermittentbloodflowrestrictiondeepsquattrainingonthighmuscleactivationandfatiguelevelsinmalehandballplayers AT wenjuanzhang effectofcontinuousandintermittentbloodflowrestrictiondeepsquattrainingonthighmuscleactivationandfatiguelevelsinmalehandballplayers AT xiaoxiaoli effectofcontinuousandintermittentbloodflowrestrictiondeepsquattrainingonthighmuscleactivationandfatiguelevelsinmalehandballplayers |