Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a major public health concern. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CR-GNB and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes in a tertiary referral center from El Bajio, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and Octobe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/8/1295 |
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| author | Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo Luis Esaú López-Jacome Rafael Franco-Cendejas Claudia Adriana Colín-Castro Melissa Hernández-Duran Luis Raúl Rivera-Garay Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gómez |
| author_facet | Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo Luis Esaú López-Jacome Rafael Franco-Cendejas Claudia Adriana Colín-Castro Melissa Hernández-Duran Luis Raúl Rivera-Garay Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gómez |
| author_sort | Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a major public health concern. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CR-GNB and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes in a tertiary referral center from El Bajio, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2022; Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were screened for in vitro resistance to at least one carbapenem. CR-GNB were further analyzed for carbapenemase-production through phenotypical methods and by real-time PCR for the following genes: <i>bla</i><sub>KPC</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>GES</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>VIM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub>. In total, 37 out of 508 GNB were carbapenem-resistant (7.3%, 95% CI 5.2–9.9). Non-fermenters had higher rates of carbapenem resistance than <i>Enterobacterales</i> (32.5% vs. 2.6%; OR 18.3, 95% CI 8.5–39, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> showed higher carbapenem resistance than other <i>Enterobacterales</i> (27% vs. 1.4%; OR 25.9, 95% CI 6.9–95, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Only 15 (40.5%) CR-GNB had a carbapenemase-encoding gene; <i>Enterobacterales</i> were more likely to have a carbapenemase-encoding gene than non-fermenters (63.6% vs. 30.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.08); <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-5</sub> were the main genes found in <i>Enterobacterales</i>; and <i>bla</i><sub>IMP-75</sub> was the most common for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The <i>mcr-2</i> gene was harbored in one polymyxin-resistant <i>E. cloacae</i>. In our setting, NDM was the most common carbapenemase; however, less than half of the CR-GNB showed a carbapenemase-encoding gene. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:11:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc1070f6bf7d4c45ad775be646a07887 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:11:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc1070f6bf7d4c45ad775be646a078872023-11-18T23:59:37ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-08-01128129510.3390/antibiotics12081295Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, MexicoJose Raul Nieto-Saucedo0Luis Esaú López-Jacome1Rafael Franco-Cendejas2Claudia Adriana Colín-Castro3Melissa Hernández-Duran4Luis Raúl Rivera-Garay5Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez6Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gómez7Fellow of the General Directorate of Quality and Education in Health, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 06696, MexicoInfectious Diseases Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, MexicoBiomedical Research Subdirection, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, MexicoInfectious Diseases Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, MexicoInfectious Diseases Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, MexicoHospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Leon 37660, MexicoHospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Leon 37660, MexicoDepartment of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad de Guanajuato, Leon 37670, MexicoCarbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a major public health concern. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CR-GNB and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes in a tertiary referral center from El Bajio, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2022; Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were screened for in vitro resistance to at least one carbapenem. CR-GNB were further analyzed for carbapenemase-production through phenotypical methods and by real-time PCR for the following genes: <i>bla</i><sub>KPC</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>GES</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>VIM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub>. In total, 37 out of 508 GNB were carbapenem-resistant (7.3%, 95% CI 5.2–9.9). Non-fermenters had higher rates of carbapenem resistance than <i>Enterobacterales</i> (32.5% vs. 2.6%; OR 18.3, 95% CI 8.5–39, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> showed higher carbapenem resistance than other <i>Enterobacterales</i> (27% vs. 1.4%; OR 25.9, 95% CI 6.9–95, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Only 15 (40.5%) CR-GNB had a carbapenemase-encoding gene; <i>Enterobacterales</i> were more likely to have a carbapenemase-encoding gene than non-fermenters (63.6% vs. 30.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.08); <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-5</sub> were the main genes found in <i>Enterobacterales</i>; and <i>bla</i><sub>IMP-75</sub> was the most common for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The <i>mcr-2</i> gene was harbored in one polymyxin-resistant <i>E. cloacae</i>. In our setting, NDM was the most common carbapenemase; however, less than half of the CR-GNB showed a carbapenemase-encoding gene.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/8/1295carbapenemscarbapenemasegram-negative bacteriadrug resistance |
| spellingShingle | Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo Luis Esaú López-Jacome Rafael Franco-Cendejas Claudia Adriana Colín-Castro Melissa Hernández-Duran Luis Raúl Rivera-Garay Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gómez Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico Antibiotics carbapenems carbapenemase gram-negative bacteria drug resistance |
| title | Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico |
| title_full | Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico |
| title_short | Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico |
| title_sort | carbapenem resistant gram negative bacilli characterization in a tertiary care center from el bajio mexico |
| topic | carbapenems carbapenemase gram-negative bacteria drug resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/8/1295 |
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