Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved]
Neurons demand vast and vacillating supplies of energy. As the key contributors of this energy, as well as primary pools of calcium and signaling molecules, mitochondria must be where the neuron needs them, when the neuron needs them. The unique architecture and length of neurons, however, make them...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2016-07-01
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| Series: | F1000Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://f1000research.com/articles/5-1735/v1 |
| _version_ | 1828337078708994048 |
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| author | Meredith M. Course Xinnan Wang |
| author_facet | Meredith M. Course Xinnan Wang |
| author_sort | Meredith M. Course |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurons demand vast and vacillating supplies of energy. As the key contributors of this energy, as well as primary pools of calcium and signaling molecules, mitochondria must be where the neuron needs them, when the neuron needs them. The unique architecture and length of neurons, however, make them a complex system for mitochondria to navigate. To add to this difficulty, mitochondria are synthesized mainly in the soma, but must be transported as far as the distant terminals of the neuron. Similarly, damaged mitochondria—which can cause oxidative stress to the neuron—must fuse with healthy mitochondria to repair the damage, return all the way back to the soma for disposal, or be eliminated at the terminals. Increasing evidence suggests that the improper distribution of mitochondria in neurons can lead to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we will discuss the machinery and regulatory systems used to properly distribute mitochondria in neurons, and how this knowledge has been leveraged to better understand neurological dysfunction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:11:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc22257c635640e5896cfe06f573511d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:11:27Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc22257c635640e5896cfe06f573511d2022-12-22T02:27:45ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022016-07-01510.12688/f1000research.7864.18465Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved]Meredith M. Course0Xinnan Wang1Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USANeurons demand vast and vacillating supplies of energy. As the key contributors of this energy, as well as primary pools of calcium and signaling molecules, mitochondria must be where the neuron needs them, when the neuron needs them. The unique architecture and length of neurons, however, make them a complex system for mitochondria to navigate. To add to this difficulty, mitochondria are synthesized mainly in the soma, but must be transported as far as the distant terminals of the neuron. Similarly, damaged mitochondria—which can cause oxidative stress to the neuron—must fuse with healthy mitochondria to repair the damage, return all the way back to the soma for disposal, or be eliminated at the terminals. Increasing evidence suggests that the improper distribution of mitochondria in neurons can lead to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we will discuss the machinery and regulatory systems used to properly distribute mitochondria in neurons, and how this knowledge has been leveraged to better understand neurological dysfunction.http://f1000research.com/articles/5-1735/v1Cellular Death & Stress ResponsesChemical Biology of the CellMembranes & SortingMotor SystemsNeurobiology of Disease & RegenerationNeurodevelopmentNeuronal & Glial Cell BiologySensory Systems |
| spellingShingle | Meredith M. Course Xinnan Wang Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research Cellular Death & Stress Responses Chemical Biology of the Cell Membranes & Sorting Motor Systems Neurobiology of Disease & Regeneration Neurodevelopment Neuronal & Glial Cell Biology Sensory Systems |
| title | Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Transporting mitochondria in neurons [version 1; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | transporting mitochondria in neurons version 1 referees 2 approved |
| topic | Cellular Death & Stress Responses Chemical Biology of the Cell Membranes & Sorting Motor Systems Neurobiology of Disease & Regeneration Neurodevelopment Neuronal & Glial Cell Biology Sensory Systems |
| url | http://f1000research.com/articles/5-1735/v1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meredithmcourse transportingmitochondriainneuronsversion1referees2approved AT xinnanwang transportingmitochondriainneuronsversion1referees2approved |