| Summary: | Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (<i>TPP</i>) genes take part in trehalose metabolism and also in stress tolerance, which has been well documented in many species but poorly understood in wheat. The present research has identified a family of 31 <i>TPP</i> genes in <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. through homology searches and classified them into five clades by phylogenetic tree analysis, providing evidence of an evolutionary status with <i>Hordeum vulgare, Brachypodium distachyon</i> and <i>Oryza sativa.</i> The exon-intron distribution revealed a discrete evolutionary history and projected possible gene duplication occurrences. Furthermore, different computational approaches were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties, conserved domains and motifs, subcellular and chromosomal localization, and three-dimensional (3-D) protein structures. <i>Cis</i>-regulatory elements (CREs) analysis predicted that <i>TaTPP</i> promoters consist of CREs related to plant growth and development, hormones, and stress. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the transcription levels of <i>TaTPPs</i> were variable in different developmental stages and organs. In addition, qRT-PCR analysis showed that different <i>TaTPPs</i> were induced under salt and drought stresses and during leaf senescence. Therefore, the findings of the present study give fundamental genomic information and possible biological functions of the <i>TaTPP</i> gene family in wheat and will provide the path for a better understanding of <i>TaTPPs</i> involvement in wheat developmental processes, stress tolerance, and leaf senescence.
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