Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females
Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. Age-related decline in the secretion of growth hormone (GH), a condition called somatopause, is thought to play a role in sarcopenia. As pharmacological GH has adverse effects, we attempted to incre...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3628 |
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| author | Emi Okamura Kaori Ikeda Fumika Mano-Usui Sachiko Kawashima Aki Kondo Nobuya Inagaki |
| author_facet | Emi Okamura Kaori Ikeda Fumika Mano-Usui Sachiko Kawashima Aki Kondo Nobuya Inagaki |
| author_sort | Emi Okamura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. Age-related decline in the secretion of growth hormone (GH), a condition called somatopause, is thought to play a role in sarcopenia. As pharmacological GH has adverse effects, we attempted to increase physiological GH. While the relationship between chewing and ghrelin levels has been studied, there are no reports on the relationship between chewing and GH. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of chewing on the muscle anabolic hormones serum GH and plasma ghrelin. Thirteen healthy adults ingested a chewy nutrition bar containing 5.56 g of protein, 12.71 g of carbohydrate, and 0.09 g of fat on two different days, chewing before swallowing in one trial and swallowing without chewing in the other. Blood samples were taken before and after ingestion (0, 15, 30, and 60 min); GH, acylated ghrelin, glucose, insulin, amino acids, and lactate were measured. Two-way repeated ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the GH concentrations between the “Chew trial” and “Swallow trial” in females (<i>p</i> = 0.0054). However, post-hoc analyses found no statistically significant difference at each time point. The area under the curve of the percentage increase in GH was significantly increased in the “Chew trial” compared with the “Swallow trial” in females (12,203 ± 15,402% min vs. 3735 ± 988% min, <i>p</i> = 0.0488). Chewing had no effect on glucose, insulin, amino acids, or lactate concentrations. Thus, we found that chewing a protein supplement rather than swallowing it without chewing elevates the blood GH concentration. These results serve as a rationale for larger research and longitudinal studies to confirm the impacts of chewing on GH secretion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:41:06Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:41:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc2e0f93e79a4b798cfd059dffdf83802023-11-19T02:30:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-08-011516362810.3390/nu15163628Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in FemalesEmi Okamura0Kaori Ikeda1Fumika Mano-Usui2Sachiko Kawashima3Aki Kondo4Nobuya Inagaki5Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, JapanSarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. Age-related decline in the secretion of growth hormone (GH), a condition called somatopause, is thought to play a role in sarcopenia. As pharmacological GH has adverse effects, we attempted to increase physiological GH. While the relationship between chewing and ghrelin levels has been studied, there are no reports on the relationship between chewing and GH. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of chewing on the muscle anabolic hormones serum GH and plasma ghrelin. Thirteen healthy adults ingested a chewy nutrition bar containing 5.56 g of protein, 12.71 g of carbohydrate, and 0.09 g of fat on two different days, chewing before swallowing in one trial and swallowing without chewing in the other. Blood samples were taken before and after ingestion (0, 15, 30, and 60 min); GH, acylated ghrelin, glucose, insulin, amino acids, and lactate were measured. Two-way repeated ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the GH concentrations between the “Chew trial” and “Swallow trial” in females (<i>p</i> = 0.0054). However, post-hoc analyses found no statistically significant difference at each time point. The area under the curve of the percentage increase in GH was significantly increased in the “Chew trial” compared with the “Swallow trial” in females (12,203 ± 15,402% min vs. 3735 ± 988% min, <i>p</i> = 0.0488). Chewing had no effect on glucose, insulin, amino acids, or lactate concentrations. Thus, we found that chewing a protein supplement rather than swallowing it without chewing elevates the blood GH concentration. These results serve as a rationale for larger research and longitudinal studies to confirm the impacts of chewing on GH secretion.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3628growth hormoneghrelinchewingmuscle mass |
| spellingShingle | Emi Okamura Kaori Ikeda Fumika Mano-Usui Sachiko Kawashima Aki Kondo Nobuya Inagaki Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females Nutrients growth hormone ghrelin chewing muscle mass |
| title | Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females |
| title_full | Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females |
| title_fullStr | Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females |
| title_full_unstemmed | Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females |
| title_short | Augmentation of Growth Hormone by Chewing in Females |
| title_sort | augmentation of growth hormone by chewing in females |
| topic | growth hormone ghrelin chewing muscle mass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3628 |
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