Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke
SBA-15 has been employed as a tobacco additive with the objective of reducing the toxic and carcinogenic components in tobacco smoke. The effect of the synthesis conditions (temperature, time, and stirring rate) on this application was studied in this paper. The SBA-15 was characterized (RDX, N<s...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/375 |
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| author | Nerea Juárez-Serrano Javier Asensio Inmaculada Blasco Maribel Beltrán Antonio Marcilla |
| author_facet | Nerea Juárez-Serrano Javier Asensio Inmaculada Blasco Maribel Beltrán Antonio Marcilla |
| author_sort | Nerea Juárez-Serrano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | SBA-15 has been employed as a tobacco additive with the objective of reducing the toxic and carcinogenic components in tobacco smoke. The effect of the synthesis conditions (temperature, time, and stirring rate) on this application was studied in this paper. The SBA-15 was characterized (RDX, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption isotherms, SEM and apparent density), mixed with the 3R4F reference tobacco, and smoked under standard conditions. The composition of the gas and condensed fractions also was analyzed. The morphology of the material plays an important role on this application and is highly influenced by the three variables studied. Long fibers show improved efficiency compared to short fibers. The tar reduction effect was improved when increasing the time of synthesis. Nevertheless, a maximum was observed with temperature (40 °C) and stirring rate (700 rpm). The optimal synthesis conditions obtained were 24 h, 40 °C and 700 rpm, yielding reductions as high as 68% for tar, 67% for nicotine, and 31% for CO. The scaling-up process has only been reported in terms of grams but never in a preindustrial scale (around 4 kg), and thus the results of this analysis show a promising material with properties and behavior similar with respect to the sample synthesized at laboratory scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:18:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc30bf4f97fe4f2da30535def08aae33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:18:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc30bf4f97fe4f2da30535def08aae332023-11-21T10:13:24ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-03-0111337510.3390/catal11030375Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco SmokeNerea Juárez-Serrano0Javier Asensio1Inmaculada Blasco2Maribel Beltrán3Antonio Marcilla4Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, 03690 Alicante, SpainChemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, 03690 Alicante, SpainChemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, 03690 Alicante, SpainChemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, 03690 Alicante, SpainChemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, 03690 Alicante, SpainSBA-15 has been employed as a tobacco additive with the objective of reducing the toxic and carcinogenic components in tobacco smoke. The effect of the synthesis conditions (temperature, time, and stirring rate) on this application was studied in this paper. The SBA-15 was characterized (RDX, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption isotherms, SEM and apparent density), mixed with the 3R4F reference tobacco, and smoked under standard conditions. The composition of the gas and condensed fractions also was analyzed. The morphology of the material plays an important role on this application and is highly influenced by the three variables studied. Long fibers show improved efficiency compared to short fibers. The tar reduction effect was improved when increasing the time of synthesis. Nevertheless, a maximum was observed with temperature (40 °C) and stirring rate (700 rpm). The optimal synthesis conditions obtained were 24 h, 40 °C and 700 rpm, yielding reductions as high as 68% for tar, 67% for nicotine, and 31% for CO. The scaling-up process has only been reported in terms of grams but never in a preindustrial scale (around 4 kg), and thus the results of this analysis show a promising material with properties and behavior similar with respect to the sample synthesized at laboratory scale.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/375SBA-15 synthesis conditionsreduction of tobacco toxicantstarnicotineCO |
| spellingShingle | Nerea Juárez-Serrano Javier Asensio Inmaculada Blasco Maribel Beltrán Antonio Marcilla Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke Catalysts SBA-15 synthesis conditions reduction of tobacco toxicants tar nicotine CO |
| title | Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke |
| title_full | Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke |
| title_short | Effect of Time, Temperature and Stirring Rate Used in the First Step of the Synthesis of SBA-15 on Its Application as Reductor of Tars in Tobacco Smoke |
| title_sort | effect of time temperature and stirring rate used in the first step of the synthesis of sba 15 on its application as reductor of tars in tobacco smoke |
| topic | SBA-15 synthesis conditions reduction of tobacco toxicants tar nicotine CO |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/375 |
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