Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> (MRSA) has of late emerged as a cause of community-acquired infections among immunocompetent adults without risk factors. Skin and soft tissue infections represent the...
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BMC
2012-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/270 |
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| author | Dhanoa Amreeta Singh Vivek Mansor Azura Yusof Mohd Lim King-Ting Thong Kwai-Lin |
| author_facet | Dhanoa Amreeta Singh Vivek Mansor Azura Yusof Mohd Lim King-Ting Thong Kwai-Lin |
| author_sort | Dhanoa Amreeta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> (MRSA) has of late emerged as a cause of community-acquired infections among immunocompetent adults without risk factors. Skin and soft tissue infections represent the majority of community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> (CA-MRSA) clinical presentations, whilst invasive and life-threatening illness like necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, pyomyositis, osteomyelitis and sepsis syndrome are less common. Although more widely described in the pediatric age group, the occurrence of CA-MRSA osteomyelitis in adults is an uncommonly reported entity.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe an invasive CA-MRSA infection in a 28 year-old previously healthy male, manifesting with bacteraemia, osteomyelitis of femur, pyomyositis and septic arthritis of the knee. Initially a preliminary diagnosis of osteosarcoma was suggested by imaging studies and patient underwent a bone biopsy. MRSA was subsequently isolated from blood cultures taken on day of admission, bone, tissue and pus cultures. Incision and drainage of abscess was performed and patient was treated with vancomycin, with fusidic acid added later. It took 6 months for the inflammatory markers to normalize, warranting 6-months of anti-MRSA therapy. Patient was a fervent deer hunter and we speculate that he acquired this infection from extensive direct contact with deer.</p> <p>Molecular characterization of this isolate showed that it belonged to multilocus sequence type (MLST) ST30 and exhibited the staphylococcal chromosome cassette <it>mec</it> (SCC<it>mec</it>) type IV, staphylococcus protein A (<it>spa</it>) type t019, accessory gene regulator (<it>agr</it>) type III and <it>dru</it> type dt10m. This strain harbored Panton-Valentine leukocidin (<it>pvl</it>) genes together with 3 other virulent genes; <it>sei</it> (enterotoxin), <it>hlg</it> (hemolysin) and <it>fnbA</it> (fibronectin binding protein).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This case study alerts physicians that beyond the most commonly encountered skin and soft tissue infections, <it>pvl</it> positive CA-MRSA can lead to invasive life-threatening disease especially in an immunocompetent adult. Heightened alertness is needed for osteomyelitis of long bones in adults, as it is not uncommon for this disease to mimic primary bone malignancy. Cure is achievable with early appropriate antibiotics guided by inflammatory markers.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:58:44Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:58:44Z |
| publishDate | 2012-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-fc355ff8894b4e07885b38815a9278162022-12-22T01:37:05ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342012-10-0112127010.1186/1471-2334-12-270Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literatureDhanoa AmreetaSingh VivekMansor AzuraYusof MohdLim King-TingThong Kwai-Lin<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> (MRSA) has of late emerged as a cause of community-acquired infections among immunocompetent adults without risk factors. Skin and soft tissue infections represent the majority of community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> (CA-MRSA) clinical presentations, whilst invasive and life-threatening illness like necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, pyomyositis, osteomyelitis and sepsis syndrome are less common. Although more widely described in the pediatric age group, the occurrence of CA-MRSA osteomyelitis in adults is an uncommonly reported entity.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe an invasive CA-MRSA infection in a 28 year-old previously healthy male, manifesting with bacteraemia, osteomyelitis of femur, pyomyositis and septic arthritis of the knee. Initially a preliminary diagnosis of osteosarcoma was suggested by imaging studies and patient underwent a bone biopsy. MRSA was subsequently isolated from blood cultures taken on day of admission, bone, tissue and pus cultures. Incision and drainage of abscess was performed and patient was treated with vancomycin, with fusidic acid added later. It took 6 months for the inflammatory markers to normalize, warranting 6-months of anti-MRSA therapy. Patient was a fervent deer hunter and we speculate that he acquired this infection from extensive direct contact with deer.</p> <p>Molecular characterization of this isolate showed that it belonged to multilocus sequence type (MLST) ST30 and exhibited the staphylococcal chromosome cassette <it>mec</it> (SCC<it>mec</it>) type IV, staphylococcus protein A (<it>spa</it>) type t019, accessory gene regulator (<it>agr</it>) type III and <it>dru</it> type dt10m. This strain harbored Panton-Valentine leukocidin (<it>pvl</it>) genes together with 3 other virulent genes; <it>sei</it> (enterotoxin), <it>hlg</it> (hemolysin) and <it>fnbA</it> (fibronectin binding protein).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This case study alerts physicians that beyond the most commonly encountered skin and soft tissue infections, <it>pvl</it> positive CA-MRSA can lead to invasive life-threatening disease especially in an immunocompetent adult. Heightened alertness is needed for osteomyelitis of long bones in adults, as it is not uncommon for this disease to mimic primary bone malignancy. Cure is achievable with early appropriate antibiotics guided by inflammatory markers.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/270Community-acquired MRSAOsteomyelitisAdultPyomyositisSeptic arthritisBacteraemiaPVLInflammatory markersOsteosarcoma mimicker |
| spellingShingle | Dhanoa Amreeta Singh Vivek Mansor Azura Yusof Mohd Lim King-Ting Thong Kwai-Lin Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature BMC Infectious Diseases Community-acquired MRSA Osteomyelitis Adult Pyomyositis Septic arthritis Bacteraemia PVL Inflammatory markers Osteosarcoma mimicker |
| title | Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature |
| title_full | Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature |
| title_fullStr | Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature |
| title_short | Acute haematogenous community-acquired methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> osteomyelitis in an adult: Case report and review of literature |
| title_sort | acute haematogenous community acquired methicillin resistant it staphylococcus aureus it osteomyelitis in an adult case report and review of literature |
| topic | Community-acquired MRSA Osteomyelitis Adult Pyomyositis Septic arthritis Bacteraemia PVL Inflammatory markers Osteosarcoma mimicker |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/270 |
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