Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests
Gaseous emissions from vehicles contribute substantially to air pollution and climate change. Vehicular emissions also contain secondary pollutants produced via chemical reactions that occur between the emitted gases and atmospheric air. This study aims at understanding patterns concerning emission...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/8/1573 |
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| author | Gyutae Park Sunhee Mun Heekyoung Hong Taekho Chung Sungwoon Jung Sunmoon Kim Seokjun Seo Jounghwa Kim Jongtae Lee Kyunghoon Kim Taehyun Park Seokwon Kang Jihee Ban Dong-Gil Yu Jung-Hun Woo Taehyoung Lee |
| author_facet | Gyutae Park Sunhee Mun Heekyoung Hong Taekho Chung Sungwoon Jung Sunmoon Kim Seokjun Seo Jounghwa Kim Jongtae Lee Kyunghoon Kim Taehyun Park Seokwon Kang Jihee Ban Dong-Gil Yu Jung-Hun Woo Taehyoung Lee |
| author_sort | Gyutae Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gaseous emissions from vehicles contribute substantially to air pollution and climate change. Vehicular emissions also contain secondary pollutants produced via chemical reactions that occur between the emitted gases and atmospheric air. This study aims at understanding patterns concerning emission of regulated, greenhouse, and precursor gases, which demonstrate potential for secondary aerosol (SA) formation, from vehicles incorporating different engine technologies—multi-point injection (MPI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI)—and using different fuels—gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and diesel. Drive cycles from the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) were used in this study. Results obtained from drive cycle tests demonstrate a decline in aggregate gas emissions corresponding to an increase in average vehicle speed. CO<sub>2</sub> accounts for more than 99% of aggregate gaseous emissions. In terms of concentration, CO and NH<sub>3</sub> form predominantly non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from gasoline and LPG vehicles, whereas nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) dominate diesel-vehicle emissions. A higher percentage of SO<sub>2</sub> is emitted from diesel vehicles compared to their gasoline- and LPG-powered counterparts. EURO-5- and EURO-6-compliant vehicles equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) tend to emit higher amounts of NO<sub>2</sub> compared to EURO-3-compliant vehicles, which are not equipped with DPFs. Vehicles incorporating GDI tend to emit less CO<sub>2</sub> compared to those incorporating MPI, albeit at the expense of increased CO emissions. The authors believe that results reported in this paper concerning regulated and unregulated pollutant-emission monitoring can contribute towards an accurate evaluation of both primary and secondary air-pollution scenarios in Korea. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:30:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc3d885dc0b24556b83278151018e80e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:30:45Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc3d885dc0b24556b83278151018e80e2022-12-22T03:46:06ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-04-0198157310.3390/app9081573app9081573Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer TestsGyutae Park0Sunhee Mun1Heekyoung Hong2Taekho Chung3Sungwoon Jung4Sunmoon Kim5Seokjun Seo6Jounghwa Kim7Jongtae Lee8Kyunghoon Kim9Taehyun Park10Seokwon Kang11Jihee Ban12Dong-Gil Yu13Jung-Hun Woo14Taehyoung Lee15Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaTransportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyong-ro, Seogu, Incheon 22689, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdone-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyun-eup, Yongin 17035, KoreaGaseous emissions from vehicles contribute substantially to air pollution and climate change. Vehicular emissions also contain secondary pollutants produced via chemical reactions that occur between the emitted gases and atmospheric air. This study aims at understanding patterns concerning emission of regulated, greenhouse, and precursor gases, which demonstrate potential for secondary aerosol (SA) formation, from vehicles incorporating different engine technologies—multi-point injection (MPI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI)—and using different fuels—gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and diesel. Drive cycles from the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) were used in this study. Results obtained from drive cycle tests demonstrate a decline in aggregate gas emissions corresponding to an increase in average vehicle speed. CO<sub>2</sub> accounts for more than 99% of aggregate gaseous emissions. In terms of concentration, CO and NH<sub>3</sub> form predominantly non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from gasoline and LPG vehicles, whereas nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) dominate diesel-vehicle emissions. A higher percentage of SO<sub>2</sub> is emitted from diesel vehicles compared to their gasoline- and LPG-powered counterparts. EURO-5- and EURO-6-compliant vehicles equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) tend to emit higher amounts of NO<sub>2</sub> compared to EURO-3-compliant vehicles, which are not equipped with DPFs. Vehicles incorporating GDI tend to emit less CO<sub>2</sub> compared to those incorporating MPI, albeit at the expense of increased CO emissions. The authors believe that results reported in this paper concerning regulated and unregulated pollutant-emission monitoring can contribute towards an accurate evaluation of both primary and secondary air-pollution scenarios in Korea.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/8/1573precursor gasesgreenhouse gasesLPGdieseldiesel particulate filters (DPFs) |
| spellingShingle | Gyutae Park Sunhee Mun Heekyoung Hong Taekho Chung Sungwoon Jung Sunmoon Kim Seokjun Seo Jounghwa Kim Jongtae Lee Kyunghoon Kim Taehyun Park Seokwon Kang Jihee Ban Dong-Gil Yu Jung-Hun Woo Taehyoung Lee Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests Applied Sciences precursor gases greenhouse gases LPG diesel diesel particulate filters (DPFs) |
| title | Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests |
| title_full | Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests |
| title_short | Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests |
| title_sort | characterization of emission factors concerning gasoline lpg and diesel vehicles via transient chassis dynamometer tests |
| topic | precursor gases greenhouse gases LPG diesel diesel particulate filters (DPFs) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/8/1573 |
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