The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency
Global warming and the associated climate change are imposing abiotic stress on plants. Abiotic factors are crucial for plant productivity, survival, and reproduction. Eight sunflower hybrids were tested in conditions of different water availability and with combinations of different temperatures an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2076 |
| _version_ | 1797513384713781248 |
|---|---|
| author | Antonela Markulj Kulundžić Marija Viljevac Vuletić Maja Matoša Kočar Anto Mijić Ivana Varga Aleksandra Sudarić Vera Cesar Hrvoje Lepeduš |
| author_facet | Antonela Markulj Kulundžić Marija Viljevac Vuletić Maja Matoša Kočar Anto Mijić Ivana Varga Aleksandra Sudarić Vera Cesar Hrvoje Lepeduš |
| author_sort | Antonela Markulj Kulundžić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global warming and the associated climate change are imposing abiotic stress on plants. Abiotic factors are crucial for plant productivity, survival, and reproduction. Eight sunflower hybrids were tested in conditions of different water availability and with combinations of different temperatures and irradiation. The changes in the photosynthetic efficiency were measured in the morning (control conditions: 2013, 25.8 °C and 349.1 W m<sup>−2</sup>; 2014, 21.8 °C and 296.4 W m<sup>−2</sup>) and afternoon (the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation: 2013, 34 °C and 837.9 W m<sup>−2</sup>; 2014, 29.4 °C and 888.9 W m<sup>−2</sup>) at a flowering stage in rainfed or irrigated conditions. The measurement time (morning and afternoon conditions) had a statistically significant effect on all the tested parameters. The performance index (PI<sub>ABS</sub>) in 2013 and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (TR<sub>0</sub>/ABS) in 2014 are the only parameters significantly affected by the irrigation. As a result of the combined effect of increased temperatures and high irradiation, PI<sub>ABS</sub> values decreased by 73–92% in rainfed conditions and by 63–87% in irrigated conditions in 2013, depending on the hybrid, while in 2014, the decrease varied between 70 and 86%. The TR<sub>0</sub>/ABS decrease was 7–17% in 2013, depending on the hybrid, and 6–12% in 2014, both in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The principal component analysis confirmed the effect of the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation on hybrids, sorting them exclusively according to the time of measurement. All investigated parameters highly fluctuated between hybrids but without observable trends for the morning and afternoon conditions, as well as for irrigation. Plants’ reaction to the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation manifested as a change in their photosynthetic efficiency, i.e., the photosynthetic apparatus’ functioning was impaired. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:15:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc40988fae8a4478a2116ecc3504a181 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:15:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc40988fae8a4478a2116ecc3504a1812023-11-22T19:43:22ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-09-011010207610.3390/plants10102076The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic EfficiencyAntonela Markulj Kulundžić0Marija Viljevac Vuletić1Maja Matoša Kočar2Anto Mijić3Ivana Varga4Aleksandra Sudarić5Vera Cesar6Hrvoje Lepeduš7Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaAgricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaAgricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaAgricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaAgricultural Institute Osijek, Južno Predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ul. cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Dental Medicine and Health, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaGlobal warming and the associated climate change are imposing abiotic stress on plants. Abiotic factors are crucial for plant productivity, survival, and reproduction. Eight sunflower hybrids were tested in conditions of different water availability and with combinations of different temperatures and irradiation. The changes in the photosynthetic efficiency were measured in the morning (control conditions: 2013, 25.8 °C and 349.1 W m<sup>−2</sup>; 2014, 21.8 °C and 296.4 W m<sup>−2</sup>) and afternoon (the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation: 2013, 34 °C and 837.9 W m<sup>−2</sup>; 2014, 29.4 °C and 888.9 W m<sup>−2</sup>) at a flowering stage in rainfed or irrigated conditions. The measurement time (morning and afternoon conditions) had a statistically significant effect on all the tested parameters. The performance index (PI<sub>ABS</sub>) in 2013 and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (TR<sub>0</sub>/ABS) in 2014 are the only parameters significantly affected by the irrigation. As a result of the combined effect of increased temperatures and high irradiation, PI<sub>ABS</sub> values decreased by 73–92% in rainfed conditions and by 63–87% in irrigated conditions in 2013, depending on the hybrid, while in 2014, the decrease varied between 70 and 86%. The TR<sub>0</sub>/ABS decrease was 7–17% in 2013, depending on the hybrid, and 6–12% in 2014, both in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The principal component analysis confirmed the effect of the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation on hybrids, sorting them exclusively according to the time of measurement. All investigated parameters highly fluctuated between hybrids but without observable trends for the morning and afternoon conditions, as well as for irrigation. Plants’ reaction to the combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation manifested as a change in their photosynthetic efficiency, i.e., the photosynthetic apparatus’ functioning was impaired.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2076chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescenceenzyme<i>Helianthus annuus</i>irrigationsolar radiationtemperature |
| spellingShingle | Antonela Markulj Kulundžić Marija Viljevac Vuletić Maja Matoša Kočar Anto Mijić Ivana Varga Aleksandra Sudarić Vera Cesar Hrvoje Lepeduš The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency Plants chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence enzyme <i>Helianthus annuus</i> irrigation solar radiation temperature |
| title | The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency |
| title_full | The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency |
| title_fullStr | The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency |
| title_short | The Combination of Increased Temperatures and High Irradiation Causes Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency |
| title_sort | combination of increased temperatures and high irradiation causes changes in photosynthetic efficiency |
| topic | chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence enzyme <i>Helianthus annuus</i> irrigation solar radiation temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2076 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antonelamarkuljkulundzic thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT marijaviljevacvuletic thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT majamatosakocar thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT antomijic thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT ivanavarga thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT aleksandrasudaric thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT veracesar thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT hrvojelepedus thecombinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT antonelamarkuljkulundzic combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT marijaviljevacvuletic combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT majamatosakocar combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT antomijic combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT ivanavarga combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT aleksandrasudaric combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT veracesar combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency AT hrvojelepedus combinationofincreasedtemperaturesandhighirradiationcauseschangesinphotosyntheticefficiency |