Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine
Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in horses. Vaccination is an effective tool for infection control. Although various EIV vaccines are widely available, major outbreaks occurred in Europe in 2018 involving a new EIV H3N8 FC1 strain. In France, it was reported that...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/4/784 |
| _version_ | 1797543963835498496 |
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| author | Sylvia Reemers Sander van Bommel Qi Cao David Sutton Saskia van de Zande |
| author_facet | Sylvia Reemers Sander van Bommel Qi Cao David Sutton Saskia van de Zande |
| author_sort | Sylvia Reemers |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in horses. Vaccination is an effective tool for infection control. Although various EIV vaccines are widely available, major outbreaks occurred in Europe in 2018 involving a new EIV H3N8 FC1 strain. In France, it was reported that both unvaccinated and vaccinated horses were affected despite >80% vaccination coverage and most horses being vaccinated with a vaccine expressing FC1 antigen. This study assessed whether vaccine type, next to antigenic difference between vaccine and field strain, plays a role. Horses were vaccinated with an ISCOMatrix-adjuvanted, whole inactivated virus vaccine (Equilis Prequenza) and experimentally infected with the new FC1 outbreak strain. Serology (HI), clinical signs, and virus shedding were evaluated in vaccinated compared to unvaccinated horses. Results showed a significant reduction in clinical signs and a lack of virus shedding in vaccinated horses compared to unvaccinated controls. From these results, it can be concluded that Equilis Prequenza provides a high level of protection to challenge with the new FC1 outbreak strain. This suggests that, apart from antigenic differences between vaccine and field strain, other aspects of the vaccine may also play an important role in determining field efficacy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:52:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc53acbefe2a41e394ef88f57b990d10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:52:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc53acbefe2a41e394ef88f57b990d102023-11-21T01:58:05ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-12-018478410.3390/vaccines8040784Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus VaccineSylvia Reemers0Sander van Bommel1Qi Cao2David Sutton3Saskia van de Zande4MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Walton Manor, Walton, Milton Keynes MK7 7AJ, UKMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsEquine influenza virus (EIV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in horses. Vaccination is an effective tool for infection control. Although various EIV vaccines are widely available, major outbreaks occurred in Europe in 2018 involving a new EIV H3N8 FC1 strain. In France, it was reported that both unvaccinated and vaccinated horses were affected despite >80% vaccination coverage and most horses being vaccinated with a vaccine expressing FC1 antigen. This study assessed whether vaccine type, next to antigenic difference between vaccine and field strain, plays a role. Horses were vaccinated with an ISCOMatrix-adjuvanted, whole inactivated virus vaccine (Equilis Prequenza) and experimentally infected with the new FC1 outbreak strain. Serology (HI), clinical signs, and virus shedding were evaluated in vaccinated compared to unvaccinated horses. Results showed a significant reduction in clinical signs and a lack of virus shedding in vaccinated horses compared to unvaccinated controls. From these results, it can be concluded that Equilis Prequenza provides a high level of protection to challenge with the new FC1 outbreak strain. This suggests that, apart from antigenic differences between vaccine and field strain, other aspects of the vaccine may also play an important role in determining field efficacy.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/4/784equine influenzaH3N8vaccineimmunityprotection |
| spellingShingle | Sylvia Reemers Sander van Bommel Qi Cao David Sutton Saskia van de Zande Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine Vaccines equine influenza H3N8 vaccine immunity protection |
| title | Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine |
| title_full | Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine |
| title_fullStr | Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine |
| title_short | Protection against the New Equine Influenza Virus Florida Clade I Outbreak Strain Provided by a Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccine |
| title_sort | protection against the new equine influenza virus florida clade i outbreak strain provided by a whole inactivated virus vaccine |
| topic | equine influenza H3N8 vaccine immunity protection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/4/784 |
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