Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i>
Bamboo plants have a distinctive life cycle with long flowering periodicity. Many species remain in vegetative growth for decades, followed by large-scale flowering and subsequent death. Floral transition is activated while shoot buds are still dormant in bamboo plants. In this study, we performed m...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1229 |
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| author | Wenjing Yao Chuanzhe Li Shuyan Lin Li Ren Yawen Wan Li Zhang Yulong Ding |
| author_facet | Wenjing Yao Chuanzhe Li Shuyan Lin Li Ren Yawen Wan Li Zhang Yulong Ding |
| author_sort | Wenjing Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bamboo plants have a distinctive life cycle with long flowering periodicity. Many species remain in vegetative growth for decades, followed by large-scale flowering and subsequent death. Floral transition is activated while shoot buds are still dormant in bamboo plants. In this study, we performed morphological characterization and transcriptome analysis of the shoot buds at different growth stages from flowering and non-flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i>. The morphological and anatomical structures of the dormant shoot buds were similar in flowering and non-flowering plants, while there was an obvious difference between the flower buds from flowering plants and the leaf buds from non-flowering plants. The transcriptomes of the dormant shoot buds, germinated shoots, and flower buds from flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i>, and the dormant shoot buds, germinated shoots, and leaf buds from non-flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i> were profiled and compared by RNA-Seq. The identified sequences were mostly related to metabolic synthesis, signal transmission, translation, and other functions. A total of 2434 unigenes involved in different flowering pathways were screened from transcriptome comparisons. The differentially expressed unigenes associated with the photoperiod pathway were related to circadian rhythm and plant hormone signal transduction. Moreover, the relative expression levels of a few key flowering-related genes such as <i>CO</i>, <i>FT</i>, <i>FLC</i>, and <i>SOC1</i> were quantified by <i>q</i>RT-PCR, which was in accordance with RNA-Seq. The study revealed morphological differences in the shoot buds at different growth stages and screened flowering-related genes by transcriptome comparisons of the shoot buds from flowering and non-flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i>, which will enrich the research on reproductive biology of bamboo plants and shed light on the molecular mechanism of the floral transition in bamboo plants. |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
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| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc5a290190724c89a4b6e6fc1383a6dc2023-11-20T21:57:02ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-11-011111122910.3390/f11111229Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i>Wenjing Yao0Chuanzhe Li1Shuyan Lin2Li Ren3Yawen Wan4Li Zhang5Yulong Ding6Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaBamboo plants have a distinctive life cycle with long flowering periodicity. Many species remain in vegetative growth for decades, followed by large-scale flowering and subsequent death. Floral transition is activated while shoot buds are still dormant in bamboo plants. In this study, we performed morphological characterization and transcriptome analysis of the shoot buds at different growth stages from flowering and non-flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i>. The morphological and anatomical structures of the dormant shoot buds were similar in flowering and non-flowering plants, while there was an obvious difference between the flower buds from flowering plants and the leaf buds from non-flowering plants. The transcriptomes of the dormant shoot buds, germinated shoots, and flower buds from flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i>, and the dormant shoot buds, germinated shoots, and leaf buds from non-flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i> were profiled and compared by RNA-Seq. The identified sequences were mostly related to metabolic synthesis, signal transmission, translation, and other functions. A total of 2434 unigenes involved in different flowering pathways were screened from transcriptome comparisons. The differentially expressed unigenes associated with the photoperiod pathway were related to circadian rhythm and plant hormone signal transduction. Moreover, the relative expression levels of a few key flowering-related genes such as <i>CO</i>, <i>FT</i>, <i>FLC</i>, and <i>SOC1</i> were quantified by <i>q</i>RT-PCR, which was in accordance with RNA-Seq. The study revealed morphological differences in the shoot buds at different growth stages and screened flowering-related genes by transcriptome comparisons of the shoot buds from flowering and non-flowering <i>P</i>. <i>pygmaeus</i>, which will enrich the research on reproductive biology of bamboo plants and shed light on the molecular mechanism of the floral transition in bamboo plants.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1229<i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i>flowering pathwaysshoot budsfloral transitionRNA-Seq |
| spellingShingle | Wenjing Yao Chuanzhe Li Shuyan Lin Li Ren Yawen Wan Li Zhang Yulong Ding Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> Forests <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> flowering pathways shoot buds floral transition RNA-Seq |
| title | Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> |
| title_full | Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> |
| title_short | Morphological Characteristics and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Shoot Buds from Flowering and Non-Flowering <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> |
| title_sort | morphological characteristics and transcriptome comparisons of the shoot buds from flowering and non flowering i pleioblastus pygmaeus i |
| topic | <i>Pleioblastus pygmaeus</i> flowering pathways shoot buds floral transition RNA-Seq |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/11/1229 |
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