Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective
Technological advancements have created infinite opportunities and rendered our life easier at several fronts. Nonetheless, the environment has suffered the aftermaths of modernization. Ironically, the pharmaceutical industry was found to be a significant contributor to environmental deterioration....
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/933 |
| _version_ | 1797496826547404800 |
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| author | Souha H. Youssef Sadikalmahdi Abdella Sanjay Garg |
| author_facet | Souha H. Youssef Sadikalmahdi Abdella Sanjay Garg |
| author_sort | Souha H. Youssef |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Technological advancements have created infinite opportunities and rendered our life easier at several fronts. Nonetheless, the environment has suffered the aftermaths of modernization. Ironically, the pharmaceutical industry was found to be a significant contributor to environmental deterioration. To tackle this issue, continuous eco-evaluation of newly introduced technologies is crucial. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is rapidly establishing its routes in different industries. Interestingly, 3DP is revolutionising the production of pharmaceuticals and is regarded as a promising approach for the fabrication of patient-centric formulations. Despite the increasing applications in the pharmaceutical field, tools that evaluate the environmental impacts of 3DP are lacking. Energy and solvent consumption, waste generation, and disposal are the main associated factors that present major concerns. For the first time, we are proposing a quantitative tool, the index of Greenness Assessment of Printed Pharmaceuticals (iGAPP), that evaluates the greenness of the different 3DP technologies used in the pharmaceutical industry. The tool provides a colour-coded pictogram and a numerical score indicating the overall greenness of the employed printing method. Validation was performed by constructing the greenness profile of selected formulations produced using the different 3DP techniques. This tool is simple to use and indicates the greenness level of the procedures involved, thereby creating an opportunity to modify the processes for more sustainable practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:09:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc5df3405e1c43af92cf6a398606f6f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:09:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc5df3405e1c43af92cf6a398606f6f12023-11-23T12:36:45ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-04-0114593310.3390/pharmaceutics14050933Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical PerspectiveSouha H. Youssef0Sadikalmahdi Abdella1Sanjay Garg2Pharmaceutical Innovation and Development Group (PIDG), Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaPharmaceutical Innovation and Development Group (PIDG), Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaPharmaceutical Innovation and Development Group (PIDG), Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaTechnological advancements have created infinite opportunities and rendered our life easier at several fronts. Nonetheless, the environment has suffered the aftermaths of modernization. Ironically, the pharmaceutical industry was found to be a significant contributor to environmental deterioration. To tackle this issue, continuous eco-evaluation of newly introduced technologies is crucial. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is rapidly establishing its routes in different industries. Interestingly, 3DP is revolutionising the production of pharmaceuticals and is regarded as a promising approach for the fabrication of patient-centric formulations. Despite the increasing applications in the pharmaceutical field, tools that evaluate the environmental impacts of 3DP are lacking. Energy and solvent consumption, waste generation, and disposal are the main associated factors that present major concerns. For the first time, we are proposing a quantitative tool, the index of Greenness Assessment of Printed Pharmaceuticals (iGAPP), that evaluates the greenness of the different 3DP technologies used in the pharmaceutical industry. The tool provides a colour-coded pictogram and a numerical score indicating the overall greenness of the employed printing method. Validation was performed by constructing the greenness profile of selected formulations produced using the different 3DP techniques. This tool is simple to use and indicates the greenness level of the procedures involved, thereby creating an opportunity to modify the processes for more sustainable practices.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/933greenness3D printingenvironmental impactgreen chemistrytool |
| spellingShingle | Souha H. Youssef Sadikalmahdi Abdella Sanjay Garg Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective Pharmaceutics greenness 3D printing environmental impact green chemistry tool |
| title | Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective |
| title_full | Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective |
| title_short | Development and Validation of a Novel Tool for Assessing the Environmental Impact of 3D Printing Technologies: A Pharmaceutical Perspective |
| title_sort | development and validation of a novel tool for assessing the environmental impact of 3d printing technologies a pharmaceutical perspective |
| topic | greenness 3D printing environmental impact green chemistry tool |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/933 |
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