Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices
The activated persulfate degradation of piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) belonging to oxicams, was investigated. Persulfate was activated with thermal energy or (UV-A and simulated solar) irradiation. Using 250 mg/L sodium persulfate at 40 °C degraded almost completely 0.5 m...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/6/1530 |
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| author | Antonios Stathoulopoulos Dionissios Mantzavinos Zacharias Frontistis |
| author_facet | Antonios Stathoulopoulos Dionissios Mantzavinos Zacharias Frontistis |
| author_sort | Antonios Stathoulopoulos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The activated persulfate degradation of piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) belonging to oxicams, was investigated. Persulfate was activated with thermal energy or (UV-A and simulated solar) irradiation. Using 250 mg/L sodium persulfate at 40 °C degraded almost completely 0.5 mg/L of piroxicam in 30 min. Increasing piroxicam concentration from 0.5 to 4.5 mg/L decreased its removal. The observed kinetic constant was increased almost ten times from 0.077 to 0.755 min<sup>−1</sup>, when the temperature was increased from 40 to 60 °C, respectively. Process efficiency was enhanced at pH 5–7. At ambient conditions and 30 min of irradiation, 94.1% and 89.8% of 0.5 mg/L piroxicam was removed using UV-A LED or simulated solar radiation, respectively. Interestingly, the use of simulated sunlight was advantageous over UV-A light for both secondary effluent, and 20 mg/L of humic acid solution. Unlike other advanced oxidation processes, the presence of bicarbonate or chloride in the range 50–250 mg/L enhanced the degradation rate, while the presence of humic acid delayed the removal of piroxicam. The use of 0.5 and 10 g/L of methanol or tert-butanol as radical scavengers inhibited the reaction. The coupling of thermal and light activation methods in different aqueous matrices showed a high level of synergy. The synergy factor was calculated as 68.4% and 58.4% for thermal activation (40 °C) coupled with either solar light in 20 mg/L of humic acid or UV-A LED light in secondary effluent, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:34:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc69e4c6594e402a8aed7f2aef299982 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:34:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc69e4c6594e402a8aed7f2aef2999822023-11-20T01:56:08ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-05-01126153010.3390/w12061530Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous MatricesAntonios Stathoulopoulos0Dionissios Mantzavinos1Zacharias Frontistis2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR-50100 Kozani, GreeceThe activated persulfate degradation of piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) belonging to oxicams, was investigated. Persulfate was activated with thermal energy or (UV-A and simulated solar) irradiation. Using 250 mg/L sodium persulfate at 40 °C degraded almost completely 0.5 mg/L of piroxicam in 30 min. Increasing piroxicam concentration from 0.5 to 4.5 mg/L decreased its removal. The observed kinetic constant was increased almost ten times from 0.077 to 0.755 min<sup>−1</sup>, when the temperature was increased from 40 to 60 °C, respectively. Process efficiency was enhanced at pH 5–7. At ambient conditions and 30 min of irradiation, 94.1% and 89.8% of 0.5 mg/L piroxicam was removed using UV-A LED or simulated solar radiation, respectively. Interestingly, the use of simulated sunlight was advantageous over UV-A light for both secondary effluent, and 20 mg/L of humic acid solution. Unlike other advanced oxidation processes, the presence of bicarbonate or chloride in the range 50–250 mg/L enhanced the degradation rate, while the presence of humic acid delayed the removal of piroxicam. The use of 0.5 and 10 g/L of methanol or tert-butanol as radical scavengers inhibited the reaction. The coupling of thermal and light activation methods in different aqueous matrices showed a high level of synergy. The synergy factor was calculated as 68.4% and 58.4% for thermal activation (40 °C) coupled with either solar light in 20 mg/L of humic acid or UV-A LED light in secondary effluent, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/6/1530piroxicamAOPssynergypersulfatecoupling AOPswastewater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Antonios Stathoulopoulos Dionissios Mantzavinos Zacharias Frontistis Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices Water piroxicam AOPs synergy persulfate coupling AOPs wastewater treatment |
| title | Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices |
| title_full | Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices |
| title_fullStr | Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices |
| title_short | Coupling Persulfate-Based AOPs: A Novel Approach for Piroxicam Degradation in Aqueous Matrices |
| title_sort | coupling persulfate based aops a novel approach for piroxicam degradation in aqueous matrices |
| topic | piroxicam AOPs synergy persulfate coupling AOPs wastewater treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/6/1530 |
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