The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions
Activation of the humoral immune system is initiated when antibodies recognize an antigen and trigger effector functions through the interaction with Fc engaging molecules. The most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in serum is Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is involved in many humoral immune responses...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Antibodies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/8/2/30 |
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| author | Steven W. de Taeye Theo Rispens Gestur Vidarsson |
| author_facet | Steven W. de Taeye Theo Rispens Gestur Vidarsson |
| author_sort | Steven W. de Taeye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Activation of the humoral immune system is initiated when antibodies recognize an antigen and trigger effector functions through the interaction with Fc engaging molecules. The most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in serum is Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is involved in many humoral immune responses, strongly interacting with effector molecules. The IgG subclass, allotype, and glycosylation pattern, among other factors, determine the interaction strength of the IgG-Fc domain with these Fc engaging molecules, and thereby the potential strength of their effector potential. The molecules responsible for the effector phase include the classical IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR), the neonatal Fc-receptor (FcRn), the Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), the first component of the classical complement cascade (C1), and possibly, the Fc-receptor-like receptors (FcRL4/5). Here we provide an overview of the interactions of IgG with effector molecules and discuss how natural variation on the antibody and effector molecule side shapes the biological activities of antibodies. The increasing knowledge on the Fc-mediated effector functions of antibodies drives the development of better therapeutic antibodies for cancer immunotherapy or treatment of autoimmune diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:13:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc712064e0ec4157a622663870e6daff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4468 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:13:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibodies |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc712064e0ec4157a622663870e6daff2022-12-21T23:28:01ZengMDPI AGAntibodies2073-44682019-04-01823010.3390/antib8020030antib8020030The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector FunctionsSteven W. de Taeye0Theo Rispens1Gestur Vidarsson2Sanquin Research, Dept Immunopathology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The NetherlandsSanquin Research, Dept Immunopathology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The NetherlandsSanquin Research, Dept Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The NetherlandsActivation of the humoral immune system is initiated when antibodies recognize an antigen and trigger effector functions through the interaction with Fc engaging molecules. The most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in serum is Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is involved in many humoral immune responses, strongly interacting with effector molecules. The IgG subclass, allotype, and glycosylation pattern, among other factors, determine the interaction strength of the IgG-Fc domain with these Fc engaging molecules, and thereby the potential strength of their effector potential. The molecules responsible for the effector phase include the classical IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR), the neonatal Fc-receptor (FcRn), the Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), the first component of the classical complement cascade (C1), and possibly, the Fc-receptor-like receptors (FcRL4/5). Here we provide an overview of the interactions of IgG with effector molecules and discuss how natural variation on the antibody and effector molecule side shapes the biological activities of antibodies. The increasing knowledge on the Fc-mediated effector functions of antibodies drives the development of better therapeutic antibodies for cancer immunotherapy or treatment of autoimmune diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/8/2/30AntibodiesIgGFc effector moleculesallotypesglycosylation |
| spellingShingle | Steven W. de Taeye Theo Rispens Gestur Vidarsson The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions Antibodies Antibodies IgG Fc effector molecules allotypes glycosylation |
| title | The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions |
| title_full | The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions |
| title_fullStr | The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions |
| title_short | The Ligands for Human IgG and Their Effector Functions |
| title_sort | ligands for human igg and their effector functions |
| topic | Antibodies IgG Fc effector molecules allotypes glycosylation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/8/2/30 |
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