A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are antigen-presenting cells located in the germinal centers of the lymph nodes. Among the few tumors showing FDC differentiation are follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and Castleman disease (CD), more precisely the unicentric hyaline vascular (HV) variant. Bo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/406 |
| _version_ | 1797481255760035840 |
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| author | José A. Jiménez-Heffernan Cristina Díaz del Arco Magdalena Adrados |
| author_facet | José A. Jiménez-Heffernan Cristina Díaz del Arco Magdalena Adrados |
| author_sort | José A. Jiménez-Heffernan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are antigen-presenting cells located in the germinal centers of the lymph nodes. Among the few tumors showing FDC differentiation are follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and Castleman disease (CD), more precisely the unicentric hyaline vascular (HV) variant. Both are relatively rare tumors, and the diagnostic cytological experience is limited to descriptions of isolated cases or small series. The purpose of this review is to bring together all the available cytological published information, and our personal experience, in order to obtain a global idea of the cytological features of these peculiar FDC-derived tumors. The different descriptions of FDCS are very similar, reflecting a tumor that shows repetitive and characteristic cytological features. It shows a dimorphic population of mature lymphocytes and large tumoral cells with partial spindle morphology. Most cases of HV variant of CD can be recognized as benign upon cytology, however a precise diagnosis seems more difficult. It is characterized by reactive lymphocytes mixed with vessels and FDCs, either single or forming syncytial aggregates. Both, FDCS and CD are challenging for cytological diagnosis in which a high index of suspicion is necessary for a correct preoperative assessment. Cytology is very useful for follow-up of recurrences and metastases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc724ba3284a4fa28b5a3842acee3798 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc724ba3284a4fa28b5a3842acee37982023-11-23T19:31:32ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-02-0112240610.3390/diagnostics12020406A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman DiseaseJosé A. Jiménez-Heffernan0Cristina Díaz del Arco1Magdalena Adrados2Department of Pathology, University Hospital La Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pathology, University Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Profesor Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pathology, University Hospital La Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, SpainFollicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are antigen-presenting cells located in the germinal centers of the lymph nodes. Among the few tumors showing FDC differentiation are follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and Castleman disease (CD), more precisely the unicentric hyaline vascular (HV) variant. Both are relatively rare tumors, and the diagnostic cytological experience is limited to descriptions of isolated cases or small series. The purpose of this review is to bring together all the available cytological published information, and our personal experience, in order to obtain a global idea of the cytological features of these peculiar FDC-derived tumors. The different descriptions of FDCS are very similar, reflecting a tumor that shows repetitive and characteristic cytological features. It shows a dimorphic population of mature lymphocytes and large tumoral cells with partial spindle morphology. Most cases of HV variant of CD can be recognized as benign upon cytology, however a precise diagnosis seems more difficult. It is characterized by reactive lymphocytes mixed with vessels and FDCs, either single or forming syncytial aggregates. Both, FDCS and CD are challenging for cytological diagnosis in which a high index of suspicion is necessary for a correct preoperative assessment. Cytology is very useful for follow-up of recurrences and metastases.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/406Castleman diseasecytologyfine needle aspirationfollicular dendritic cellfollicular dendritic cell sarcoma |
| spellingShingle | José A. Jiménez-Heffernan Cristina Díaz del Arco Magdalena Adrados A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease Diagnostics Castleman disease cytology fine needle aspiration follicular dendritic cell follicular dendritic cell sarcoma |
| title | A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease |
| title_full | A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease |
| title_fullStr | A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease |
| title_short | A Cytological Review of Follicular Dendritic Cell-Derived Tumors with Emphasis on Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma and Unicentric Castleman Disease |
| title_sort | cytological review of follicular dendritic cell derived tumors with emphasis on follicular dendritic cell sarcoma and unicentric castleman disease |
| topic | Castleman disease cytology fine needle aspiration follicular dendritic cell follicular dendritic cell sarcoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/406 |
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