Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding of austenitic stainless steels is a critical process used in industries. Several properties of the welds must be controlled depending on the application. These properties, which include the geometrical, mechanical and microstructural features, can be modified through...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/5/3/72 |
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| author | Rohit Kshirsagar Steve Jones Jonathan Lawrence Jamil Kanfoud |
| author_facet | Rohit Kshirsagar Steve Jones Jonathan Lawrence Jamil Kanfoud |
| author_sort | Rohit Kshirsagar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding of austenitic stainless steels is a critical process used in industries. Several properties of the welds must be controlled depending on the application. These properties, which include the geometrical, mechanical and microstructural features, can be modified through an appropriate composition of shielding gas. Researchers have studied the effects of the addition of nitrogen through the shielding gas; however, due to limited amount of experimental data, many of the interaction effects are not yet reported. In this study, welds were made homogeneously as well as heterogeneously with various concentrations of nitrogen added through the shielding gas. The gas compositions used were 99.99%Ar (pure), 2.5% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar, 5% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar and 10% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar. Additionally, the welding process parameters were varied to understand different interaction effects between the shielding gas chemistry and the process variables such as filler wire feed rate, welding current, etc. Strong interactions were observed in the case of heterogeneous welds between the gas composition and the filler wire feed rate, with the penetration depth increasing by nearly 30% with the addition of 10% nitrogen in the shielding gas. The interactions were found to influence the bead geometry, which, in turn, had an effect on the mechanical properties as well as the fatigue life of the welds. A nearly 15% increase in the tensile strength of the samples was observed when using 10% nitrogen in the shielding gas, which also translated to a similar increase in the fatigue life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-4494 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc731af0535749fba8e3a72113dcf9152023-11-22T13:44:45ZengMDPI AGJournal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing2504-44942021-07-01537210.3390/jmmp5030072Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless SteelsRohit Kshirsagar0Steve Jones1Jonathan Lawrence2Jamil Kanfoud3Brunel Innovation Centre, Brunel University, London CB21 6AL, UKNuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Rotherham S60 5WG, UKInstitute for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UKBrunel Innovation Centre, Brunel University, London CB21 6AL, UKTungsten inert gas (TIG) welding of austenitic stainless steels is a critical process used in industries. Several properties of the welds must be controlled depending on the application. These properties, which include the geometrical, mechanical and microstructural features, can be modified through an appropriate composition of shielding gas. Researchers have studied the effects of the addition of nitrogen through the shielding gas; however, due to limited amount of experimental data, many of the interaction effects are not yet reported. In this study, welds were made homogeneously as well as heterogeneously with various concentrations of nitrogen added through the shielding gas. The gas compositions used were 99.99%Ar (pure), 2.5% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar, 5% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar and 10% <i>N</i><sub>2</sub> + Ar. Additionally, the welding process parameters were varied to understand different interaction effects between the shielding gas chemistry and the process variables such as filler wire feed rate, welding current, etc. Strong interactions were observed in the case of heterogeneous welds between the gas composition and the filler wire feed rate, with the penetration depth increasing by nearly 30% with the addition of 10% nitrogen in the shielding gas. The interactions were found to influence the bead geometry, which, in turn, had an effect on the mechanical properties as well as the fatigue life of the welds. A nearly 15% increase in the tensile strength of the samples was observed when using 10% nitrogen in the shielding gas, which also translated to a similar increase in the fatigue life.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/5/3/72nitrogen addition through shielding gasbead geometryprocess parameters interactionsweld microstructuremechanical strengthferrite density number |
| spellingShingle | Rohit Kshirsagar Steve Jones Jonathan Lawrence Jamil Kanfoud Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing nitrogen addition through shielding gas bead geometry process parameters interactions weld microstructure mechanical strength ferrite density number |
| title | Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_full | Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_fullStr | Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_short | Effect of the Addition of Nitrogen through Shielding Gas on TIG Welds Made Homogenously and Heterogeneously on 300 Series Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_sort | effect of the addition of nitrogen through shielding gas on tig welds made homogenously and heterogeneously on 300 series austenitic stainless steels |
| topic | nitrogen addition through shielding gas bead geometry process parameters interactions weld microstructure mechanical strength ferrite density number |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/5/3/72 |
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