| Summary: | Xin Su,1,* Haifeng Li,2,* Fajun Li,3 Hongsen Liang,4 Li Wei,4 Donglei Shi,4 Junhang Zhang,4 Zhaojun Wang4 1Department of Respiratory, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Junhang Zhang; Zhaojun Wang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming (New) Dist, Shenzhen, 518107, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangjh33@mail.sysu.edu.cn; wangzhj55@mail.sysu.edu.cnObjective: Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) is the leading risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China. The present study aimed to investigate the trends in COPD mortality attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure in China from 1990 to 2019.Methods: Data on COPD burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure in China were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess COPD mortality from 1990 to 2019. The APC model was used to analyze the temporal trends in the rate of COPD mortality attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure according to age, period, and cohort.Results: Exposure to ambient PM2.5 contributed to 192.4 thousand deaths in 1990 and 263.6 thousand deaths in 2019. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and the age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR) due to ambient PM2.5 exposure showed a gradual downward trend, the ASMR and ASDR in 2019 decreased to 16.6 per 100,000 with an EAPC of − 2.82 (95% CI: − 8.61 to 3.34) and 278.6 per 100,000 with an EAPC of − 2.02 (95% CI: − 7.85 to 4.19), compared to those in 1990, respectively. The relative risk (RR) of COPD increased with age in females, while in males, mortality significantly increased from the levels among those in the 60– 64 age group to that among those in the 90– 94 age group. In the period group, the RR of COPD in males remained above 1.0 from the 2000 to 2004 period, but it gradually decreased in females. The cohort effect showed an overall downward trend.Conclusion: Although the ASMR and ASDR are decreasing in Chinese patients with COPD, the number of deaths due to COPD is increasing. Ambient PM2.5 exposure is more harmful in males and older people above 60 years of age.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PM2.5, age-period-cohort model
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