Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation
Mitochondria, classically known as the powerhouse of cells, are unique double membrane-bound multifaceted organelles carrying a genome. Mitochondrial content varies between cell types and precisely doubles within cells during each proliferating cycle. Mitochondrial content also increases to a variab...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Royal Society
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Open Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.230279 |
| _version_ | 1797352948608532480 |
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| author | Swati Agarwala Sukhamoy Dhabal Kasturi Mitra |
| author_facet | Swati Agarwala Sukhamoy Dhabal Kasturi Mitra |
| author_sort | Swati Agarwala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondria, classically known as the powerhouse of cells, are unique double membrane-bound multifaceted organelles carrying a genome. Mitochondrial content varies between cell types and precisely doubles within cells during each proliferating cycle. Mitochondrial content also increases to a variable degree during cell differentiation triggered after exit from the proliferating cycle. The mitochondrial content is primarily maintained by the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, while damaged mitochondria are eliminated from the cells by mitophagy. In any cell with a given mitochondrial content, the steady-state mitochondrial number and shape are determined by a balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion processes. The increase in mitochondrial content and alteration in mitochondrial fission and fusion are causatively linked with the process of differentiation. Here, we critically review the quantitative aspects in the detection methods of mitochondrial content and shape. Thereafter, we quantitatively link these mitochondrial properties in differentiating cells and highlight the implications of such quantitative link on stem cell functionality. Finally, we discuss an example of cell size regulation predicted from quantitative analysis of mitochondrial shape and content. To highlight the significance of quantitative analyses of these mitochondrial properties, we propose three independent rationale based hypotheses and the relevant experimental designs to test them. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:23:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fcc6f1403c244b50824330363da56f88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-2441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:23:10Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fcc6f1403c244b50824330363da56f882024-01-17T15:53:34ZengThe Royal SocietyOpen Biology2046-24412024-01-0114110.1098/rsob.230279Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiationSwati Agarwala0Sukhamoy Dhabal1Kasturi Mitra2Department of Biology, Ashoka University, Delhi (NCR), IndiaDepartment of Biology, Ashoka University, Delhi (NCR), IndiaDepartment of Biology, Ashoka University, Delhi (NCR), IndiaMitochondria, classically known as the powerhouse of cells, are unique double membrane-bound multifaceted organelles carrying a genome. Mitochondrial content varies between cell types and precisely doubles within cells during each proliferating cycle. Mitochondrial content also increases to a variable degree during cell differentiation triggered after exit from the proliferating cycle. The mitochondrial content is primarily maintained by the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, while damaged mitochondria are eliminated from the cells by mitophagy. In any cell with a given mitochondrial content, the steady-state mitochondrial number and shape are determined by a balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion processes. The increase in mitochondrial content and alteration in mitochondrial fission and fusion are causatively linked with the process of differentiation. Here, we critically review the quantitative aspects in the detection methods of mitochondrial content and shape. Thereafter, we quantitatively link these mitochondrial properties in differentiating cells and highlight the implications of such quantitative link on stem cell functionality. Finally, we discuss an example of cell size regulation predicted from quantitative analysis of mitochondrial shape and content. To highlight the significance of quantitative analyses of these mitochondrial properties, we propose three independent rationale based hypotheses and the relevant experimental designs to test them.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.230279mitochondrial heterogeneitymitochondrial shapemitochondrial contentcell proliferationcell differentiationstem cells |
| spellingShingle | Swati Agarwala Sukhamoy Dhabal Kasturi Mitra Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation Open Biology mitochondrial heterogeneity mitochondrial shape mitochondrial content cell proliferation cell differentiation stem cells |
| title | Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| title_full | Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| title_fullStr | Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| title_short | Significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| title_sort | significance of quantitative analyses of the impact of heterogeneity in mitochondrial content and shape on cell differentiation |
| topic | mitochondrial heterogeneity mitochondrial shape mitochondrial content cell proliferation cell differentiation stem cells |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.230279 |
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