Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera)
Owing to limited molecular data, the phylogenetic position of the family Gryllotalpidae is still controversial in the infraorder Gryllidea. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) plays a crucial role in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and revealing the molecular evolution of insects. However, o...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/10/919 |
| _version_ | 1797407145273065472 |
|---|---|
| author | Yan Ma Ying Miao |
| author_facet | Yan Ma Ying Miao |
| author_sort | Yan Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Owing to limited molecular data, the phylogenetic position of the family Gryllotalpidae is still controversial in the infraorder Gryllidea. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) plays a crucial role in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and revealing the molecular evolution of insects. However, only four mitogenomes have been reported in Gryllotalpidae to date. Herein, we obtained the first mitogenomes of <i>Gryllotalpa henana</i> Cai & Niu, 1998 and the Chinese <i>G. orientalis</i> Burmeister, 1838, made a detailed comparison of all mitogenomes available in Gryllotalpidae and reconstructed the phylogeny of Gryllidea based on mitogenomes using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The results show that the complete mitogenome sequences of <i>G. henana</i> (15,504 bp) and <i>G. orientalis</i> (15,497 bp) are conserved, both exhibiting the double-stranded circular structure, typical gene content and the ancestral insect gene arrangement. The complete mitogenome of <i>G.</i><i>henana</i> exhibits the lowest average AT content ever detected in Gryllotalpidae, and even Gryllidea. The gene <i>nad2</i> of both species has atypical initiation codon GTG. All tRNAs exhibit typical clover-leaf structure, except for <i>trnS1</i> lacking the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm. A potential stem–loop structure, containing a (T)<sub>n</sub>(TC)<sub>2</sub>(T)<sub>n</sub> sequence, is detected in the control region of all gryllotalpids investigated and is likely related to the replication initiation of the minority strand. The phylogenetic analyses recover the six families of Gryllidea as Gryllotalpidae + (Myrmecophilidae + (Mogoplistidae + (Trigonidiidae + (Phalangopsidae + Gryllidae)))), similar to the trees based on transcriptomic and mitogenomic data. However, the trees are slightly different from the multilocus phylogenies, which show the sister-group relationship of Gryllotalpidae and Myrmecophilidae. The contradictions between mitogenomic and multilocus trees are briefly discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:37:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fcd02d103f2548fbbbb1f78a82a2b051 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:37:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-fcd02d103f2548fbbbb1f78a82a2b0512023-12-03T14:47:54ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-10-01131091910.3390/insects13100919Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera)Yan Ma0Ying Miao1College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaOwing to limited molecular data, the phylogenetic position of the family Gryllotalpidae is still controversial in the infraorder Gryllidea. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) plays a crucial role in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and revealing the molecular evolution of insects. However, only four mitogenomes have been reported in Gryllotalpidae to date. Herein, we obtained the first mitogenomes of <i>Gryllotalpa henana</i> Cai & Niu, 1998 and the Chinese <i>G. orientalis</i> Burmeister, 1838, made a detailed comparison of all mitogenomes available in Gryllotalpidae and reconstructed the phylogeny of Gryllidea based on mitogenomes using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The results show that the complete mitogenome sequences of <i>G. henana</i> (15,504 bp) and <i>G. orientalis</i> (15,497 bp) are conserved, both exhibiting the double-stranded circular structure, typical gene content and the ancestral insect gene arrangement. The complete mitogenome of <i>G.</i><i>henana</i> exhibits the lowest average AT content ever detected in Gryllotalpidae, and even Gryllidea. The gene <i>nad2</i> of both species has atypical initiation codon GTG. All tRNAs exhibit typical clover-leaf structure, except for <i>trnS1</i> lacking the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm. A potential stem–loop structure, containing a (T)<sub>n</sub>(TC)<sub>2</sub>(T)<sub>n</sub> sequence, is detected in the control region of all gryllotalpids investigated and is likely related to the replication initiation of the minority strand. The phylogenetic analyses recover the six families of Gryllidea as Gryllotalpidae + (Myrmecophilidae + (Mogoplistidae + (Trigonidiidae + (Phalangopsidae + Gryllidae)))), similar to the trees based on transcriptomic and mitogenomic data. However, the trees are slightly different from the multilocus phylogenies, which show the sister-group relationship of Gryllotalpidae and Myrmecophilidae. The contradictions between mitogenomic and multilocus trees are briefly discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/10/919Gryllidea<i>Gryllotalpa</i>mitochondrial genomephylogeny |
| spellingShingle | Yan Ma Ying Miao Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) Insects Gryllidea <i>Gryllotalpa</i> mitochondrial genome phylogeny |
| title | Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) |
| title_full | Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) |
| title_fullStr | Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) |
| title_short | Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera) |
| title_sort | mitogenomic comparison of the mole crickets gryllotalpidae with the phylogenetic implications orthoptera ensifera |
| topic | Gryllidea <i>Gryllotalpa</i> mitochondrial genome phylogeny |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/10/919 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanma mitogenomiccomparisonofthemolecricketsgryllotalpidaewiththephylogeneticimplicationsorthopteraensifera AT yingmiao mitogenomiccomparisonofthemolecricketsgryllotalpidaewiththephylogeneticimplicationsorthopteraensifera |