The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism
Kaolinite supported cerium oxide (CeOx/Kaol) was successfully prepared via a deposition method and used to improve the mechanical and aging properties of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) composite. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that ce...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5187 |
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| author | Honglei Liu Kaiyuan Xiao Yinmin Zhang Yanbing Gong Yongfeng Zhang |
| author_facet | Honglei Liu Kaiyuan Xiao Yinmin Zhang Yanbing Gong Yongfeng Zhang |
| author_sort | Honglei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kaolinite supported cerium oxide (CeOx/Kaol) was successfully prepared via a deposition method and used to improve the mechanical and aging properties of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) composite. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that cerium oxide has a successfully loading and fine distribution on the edge and surface of kaolinite. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy indicated that cerium oxide may interact with the surface hydroxyls of kaolinite. The CeOx/Kaol material had a uniform dispersion in the resulting SBR composite. The loading of cerium oxide on Kaol increases the scorch time (<i>t</i><sub>10</sub>) and curing time (<i>t</i><sub>90</sub>) of the filled SBR composites relative to the pure SBR. The mechanical parameters of the filled SBR composites were increased significantly. The tensible strength and tear strength at 40 phr content with 4% CeOx loading reached 12.85 Mpa and 51.16 kN/m, which were increases of 35.9% and 38.3%, respectively, relative to that of the SBR filled with raw Kaol. The anti-ageing characteristic of the resulting composite showed an obvious improvement with the loading of CeOx. Meanwhile, the reinforcement and anti-ageing mechanisms of the CeOx/Kaol were proposed. These results were attributed to the complexation between Ce elements on the surface of Kaol and rubber chains through a double bond. This could improve the incorporation between rubber molecules and filler particles, and restrict rubber chain motion via trapping rubber chains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fcd6c6d1f737424a8ec7f0e07017fa68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-fcd6c6d1f737424a8ec7f0e07017fa682023-11-24T11:59:50ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-11-011423518710.3390/polym14235187The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and MechanismHonglei Liu0Kaiyuan Xiao1Yinmin Zhang2Yanbing Gong3Yongfeng Zhang4Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, ChinaChemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, ChinaChemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, ChinaChemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, ChinaChemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, ChinaKaolinite supported cerium oxide (CeOx/Kaol) was successfully prepared via a deposition method and used to improve the mechanical and aging properties of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) composite. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that cerium oxide has a successfully loading and fine distribution on the edge and surface of kaolinite. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy indicated that cerium oxide may interact with the surface hydroxyls of kaolinite. The CeOx/Kaol material had a uniform dispersion in the resulting SBR composite. The loading of cerium oxide on Kaol increases the scorch time (<i>t</i><sub>10</sub>) and curing time (<i>t</i><sub>90</sub>) of the filled SBR composites relative to the pure SBR. The mechanical parameters of the filled SBR composites were increased significantly. The tensible strength and tear strength at 40 phr content with 4% CeOx loading reached 12.85 Mpa and 51.16 kN/m, which were increases of 35.9% and 38.3%, respectively, relative to that of the SBR filled with raw Kaol. The anti-ageing characteristic of the resulting composite showed an obvious improvement with the loading of CeOx. Meanwhile, the reinforcement and anti-ageing mechanisms of the CeOx/Kaol were proposed. These results were attributed to the complexation between Ce elements on the surface of Kaol and rubber chains through a double bond. This could improve the incorporation between rubber molecules and filler particles, and restrict rubber chain motion via trapping rubber chains.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5187kaolinitecerium oxidestyrene–butadiene rubbermechanical propertyageing property |
| spellingShingle | Honglei Liu Kaiyuan Xiao Yinmin Zhang Yanbing Gong Yongfeng Zhang The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism Polymers kaolinite cerium oxide styrene–butadiene rubber mechanical property ageing property |
| title | The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism |
| title_full | The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism |
| title_fullStr | The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism |
| title_short | The Improvement of Kaolinite Supported Cerium Oxide for Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composite: Mechanical, Ageing Properties and Mechanism |
| title_sort | improvement of kaolinite supported cerium oxide for styrene butadiene rubber composite mechanical ageing properties and mechanism |
| topic | kaolinite cerium oxide styrene–butadiene rubber mechanical property ageing property |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5187 |
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