Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism.
Some filamentous fungi of the Trichoderma genus are used as biocontrol agents against airborne and soilborne phytopathogens. The proposed mechanism by which Trichoderma spp. antagonizes phytopathogens is through the release of lytic enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, mycoparasitism, and the induction...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5927414?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818036098361720832 |
|---|---|
| author | Elida Yazmín Gómez-Rodríguez Edith Elena Uresti-Rivera Olga Araceli Patrón-Soberano María Auxiliadora Islas-Osuna Alberto Flores-Martínez Lina Riego-Ruiz María Teresa Rosales-Saavedra Sergio Casas-Flores |
| author_facet | Elida Yazmín Gómez-Rodríguez Edith Elena Uresti-Rivera Olga Araceli Patrón-Soberano María Auxiliadora Islas-Osuna Alberto Flores-Martínez Lina Riego-Ruiz María Teresa Rosales-Saavedra Sergio Casas-Flores |
| author_sort | Elida Yazmín Gómez-Rodríguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some filamentous fungi of the Trichoderma genus are used as biocontrol agents against airborne and soilborne phytopathogens. The proposed mechanism by which Trichoderma spp. antagonizes phytopathogens is through the release of lytic enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, mycoparasitism, and the induction of systemic disease-resistance in plants. Here we analyzed the role of TGF-1 (Trichoderma Gcn Five-1), a histone acetyltransferase of Trichoderma atroviride, in mycoparasitism and antibiosis against the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor that promotes histone acetylation, slightly affected T. atroviride and R. solani growth, but not the growth of the mycoparasite over R. solani. Application of TSA to the liquid medium induced synthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Expression analysis of the mycoparasitism-related genes ech-42 and prb-1, which encode an endochitinase and a proteinase, as well as the secondary metabolism-related genes pbs-1 and tps-1, which encode a peptaibol synthetase and a terpene synthase, respectively, showed that they were regulated by TSA. A T. atroviride strain harboring a deletion of tgf-1 gene showed slow growth, thinner and less branched hyphae than the wild-type strain, whereas its ability to coil around the R. solani hyphae was not affected. Δtgf-1 presented a diminished capacity to grow over R. solani, but the ability of its mycelium -free culture filtrates (MFCF) to inhibit the phytopathogen growth was enhanced. Intriguingly, addition of TSA to the culture medium reverted the enhanced inhibition growth of Δtgf-1 MFCF on R. solani at levels compared to the wild-type MFCF grown in medium amended with TSA. The presence of R. solani mycelium in the culture medium induced similar proteinase activity in a Δtgf-1 compared to the wild-type, whereas the chitinolytic activity was higher in a Δtgf-1 mutant in the absence of R. solani, compared to the parental strain. Expression of mycoparasitism- and secondary metabolism-related genes in Δtgf-1 was differentially regulated in the presence or absence of R. solani. These results indicate that histone acetylation may play important roles in the biocontrol mechanisms of T. atroviride. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:05:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fce463718ce44f61b31cd5e2dad5352e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:05:33Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-fce463718ce44f61b31cd5e2dad5352e2022-12-22T01:58:11ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01134e019387210.1371/journal.pone.0193872Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism.Elida Yazmín Gómez-RodríguezEdith Elena Uresti-RiveraOlga Araceli Patrón-SoberanoMaría Auxiliadora Islas-OsunaAlberto Flores-MartínezLina Riego-RuizMaría Teresa Rosales-SaavedraSergio Casas-FloresSome filamentous fungi of the Trichoderma genus are used as biocontrol agents against airborne and soilborne phytopathogens. The proposed mechanism by which Trichoderma spp. antagonizes phytopathogens is through the release of lytic enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, mycoparasitism, and the induction of systemic disease-resistance in plants. Here we analyzed the role of TGF-1 (Trichoderma Gcn Five-1), a histone acetyltransferase of Trichoderma atroviride, in mycoparasitism and antibiosis against the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor that promotes histone acetylation, slightly affected T. atroviride and R. solani growth, but not the growth of the mycoparasite over R. solani. Application of TSA to the liquid medium induced synthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Expression analysis of the mycoparasitism-related genes ech-42 and prb-1, which encode an endochitinase and a proteinase, as well as the secondary metabolism-related genes pbs-1 and tps-1, which encode a peptaibol synthetase and a terpene synthase, respectively, showed that they were regulated by TSA. A T. atroviride strain harboring a deletion of tgf-1 gene showed slow growth, thinner and less branched hyphae than the wild-type strain, whereas its ability to coil around the R. solani hyphae was not affected. Δtgf-1 presented a diminished capacity to grow over R. solani, but the ability of its mycelium -free culture filtrates (MFCF) to inhibit the phytopathogen growth was enhanced. Intriguingly, addition of TSA to the culture medium reverted the enhanced inhibition growth of Δtgf-1 MFCF on R. solani at levels compared to the wild-type MFCF grown in medium amended with TSA. The presence of R. solani mycelium in the culture medium induced similar proteinase activity in a Δtgf-1 compared to the wild-type, whereas the chitinolytic activity was higher in a Δtgf-1 mutant in the absence of R. solani, compared to the parental strain. Expression of mycoparasitism- and secondary metabolism-related genes in Δtgf-1 was differentially regulated in the presence or absence of R. solani. These results indicate that histone acetylation may play important roles in the biocontrol mechanisms of T. atroviride.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5927414?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Elida Yazmín Gómez-Rodríguez Edith Elena Uresti-Rivera Olga Araceli Patrón-Soberano María Auxiliadora Islas-Osuna Alberto Flores-Martínez Lina Riego-Ruiz María Teresa Rosales-Saavedra Sergio Casas-Flores Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. PLoS ONE |
| title | Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. |
| title_full | Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. |
| title_fullStr | Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. |
| title_short | Histone acetyltransferase TGF-1 regulates Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism. |
| title_sort | histone acetyltransferase tgf 1 regulates trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolism and mycoparasitism |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5927414?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elidayazmingomezrodriguez histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT edithelenaurestirivera histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT olgaaracelipatronsoberano histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT mariaauxiliadoraislasosuna histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT albertofloresmartinez histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT linariegoruiz histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT mariateresarosalessaavedra histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism AT sergiocasasflores histoneacetyltransferasetgf1regulatestrichodermaatroviridesecondarymetabolismandmycoparasitism |