Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of four isocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions on postprandial blood glucose, lipids, and glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Seventeen subjects tested four isocaloric meals in a randomized crossover design. The meal compo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3092 |
| _version_ | 1797587976910274560 |
|---|---|
| author | Afroditi Alexandra Barouti Anneli Björklund Sergiu Bogdan Catrina Kerstin Brismar Neda Rajamand Ekberg |
| author_facet | Afroditi Alexandra Barouti Anneli Björklund Sergiu Bogdan Catrina Kerstin Brismar Neda Rajamand Ekberg |
| author_sort | Afroditi Alexandra Barouti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to assess the effect of four isocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions on postprandial blood glucose, lipids, and glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Seventeen subjects tested four isocaloric meals in a randomized crossover design. The meal compositions were as follows: high-carbohydrate (HC); high-carbohydrate with extra fiber (HC-fiber); low-carbohydrate high-protein (HP); and low-carbohydrate high-fat (HF). Blood glucose and lipid measurements were collected up to 4 h and glucagon up to 3 h postprandially. Mean postprandial glucose excursions were lower after the HP compared to the HC (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and HC-fiber meals (<i>p</i> = 0.002). There were no differences in mean glucose excursions after the HF meal compared to the HC and HP meals. The HF meal resulted in higher triglyceride excursions compared to the HP meal (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but not compared to the HC or HC-fiber meals. Glucagon excursions were higher at 180 min after the HP meal compared to the HC and HF meals. In conclusion, the low-carbohydrate HP meal showed the most favorable glycemic and metabolic effects during a 4 h postprandial period in subjects with T1D. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fce8853807e443459b8bf1c4d657da9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-fce8853807e443459b8bf1c4d657da9d2023-11-18T20:47:02ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-07-011514309210.3390/nu15143092Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover TrialAfroditi Alexandra Barouti0Anneli Björklund1Sergiu Bogdan Catrina2Kerstin Brismar3Neda Rajamand Ekberg4Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, SwedenThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of four isocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions on postprandial blood glucose, lipids, and glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Seventeen subjects tested four isocaloric meals in a randomized crossover design. The meal compositions were as follows: high-carbohydrate (HC); high-carbohydrate with extra fiber (HC-fiber); low-carbohydrate high-protein (HP); and low-carbohydrate high-fat (HF). Blood glucose and lipid measurements were collected up to 4 h and glucagon up to 3 h postprandially. Mean postprandial glucose excursions were lower after the HP compared to the HC (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and HC-fiber meals (<i>p</i> = 0.002). There were no differences in mean glucose excursions after the HF meal compared to the HC and HP meals. The HF meal resulted in higher triglyceride excursions compared to the HP meal (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but not compared to the HC or HC-fiber meals. Glucagon excursions were higher at 180 min after the HP meal compared to the HC and HF meals. In conclusion, the low-carbohydrate HP meal showed the most favorable glycemic and metabolic effects during a 4 h postprandial period in subjects with T1D.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3092type 1 diabetespostprandial glycemiatriglyceridesisocaloric mealsmacronutrientsglucagon |
| spellingShingle | Afroditi Alexandra Barouti Anneli Björklund Sergiu Bogdan Catrina Kerstin Brismar Neda Rajamand Ekberg Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial Nutrients type 1 diabetes postprandial glycemia triglycerides isocaloric meals macronutrients glucagon |
| title | Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial |
| title_full | Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial |
| title_short | Effect of Isocaloric Meals on Postprandial Glycemic and Metabolic Markers in Type 1 Diabetes—A Randomized Crossover Trial |
| title_sort | effect of isocaloric meals on postprandial glycemic and metabolic markers in type 1 diabetes a randomized crossover trial |
| topic | type 1 diabetes postprandial glycemia triglycerides isocaloric meals macronutrients glucagon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3092 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT afroditialexandrabarouti effectofisocaloricmealsonpostprandialglycemicandmetabolicmarkersintype1diabetesarandomizedcrossovertrial AT annelibjorklund effectofisocaloricmealsonpostprandialglycemicandmetabolicmarkersintype1diabetesarandomizedcrossovertrial AT sergiubogdancatrina effectofisocaloricmealsonpostprandialglycemicandmetabolicmarkersintype1diabetesarandomizedcrossovertrial AT kerstinbrismar effectofisocaloricmealsonpostprandialglycemicandmetabolicmarkersintype1diabetesarandomizedcrossovertrial AT nedarajamandekberg effectofisocaloricmealsonpostprandialglycemicandmetabolicmarkersintype1diabetesarandomizedcrossovertrial |